Posted: February 17th, 2022

writer’s notebook 1.3 summarizing

The English Nook at Richland School
When to Quote, Paraphrase, or Summarize
When writing, it’s good to know when it’s acceptable to cite, paraphrase, or summarize. Every one additionally requires in-text citations with an entry on a Works Cited web page.
Direct Quote
A direct quote is an actual word-for-word copy of the creator’s unique phrases. Use citation marks across the actual language to point you borrowed the phrases. Use a direct quote when the unique wording distinctive or the supply itself has a excessive diploma of credibility or noteworthiness. It’s best to make use of direct quotes for numbers like statistics. The supply is recognized by the in-text quotation.
Paraphrase
A paraphrase is the place you rephrase the unique textual content with totally different phrases and a special sentence construction whereas nonetheless sustaining the unique that means. Use a paraphrase when the unique creator’s phrases are complicated or stilted. Use a paraphrase to put in writing the passage clearer. A paraphrase rewrites a quote in straightforward to grasp language. Typically a paraphrase is used when solely the principle thought of the passage or sentence is required. A paraphrase is often the identical size or shorter than the unique passage. A paraphrase doesn’t use citation marks like a direct quote since you’ve got rewritten the passage utilizing your individual phrases. Nevertheless, you continue to want an in-text quotation to point out you borrowed the concepts.
Abstract
A abstract is the place you rewrite the principle thought of an unique textual content in your individual phrases. You don’t want each element in a abstract. It often covers a whole essay or story, whereas a paraphrase is simply a piece or sentence. A abstract is unbiased, impartial, and factual with no Assessment or interpretation. Usually, a abstract doesn’t use direct quotes except your teacher desires a direct quote within the abstract. Despite the fact that you might be utilizing your individual phrases, the concepts should not yours, so an in-text quotation is required.
Frequent Data
If a author makes use of info that’s widespread data, no citations – inner or on the works cited web page – are wanted. An excellent rule of thumb in figuring out widespread data is to ask 5 of your friends. A peer is somebody your similar age with the identical training. If all of them know the knowledge, then you ought to be protected not citing it. The next may also enable you to decide if the knowledge is widespread data:

The data is undocumented in varied respectable sources
The info is discovered generally encyclopedias
The data is factual and never controversial
Frequent data is influenced and adjusted by three issues:
Age—Your widespread data base will increase as you get extra life expertise
Training—Your widespread data base will increase as you be taught extra

Handout created by Jane Stidham & Justine White www.richlandcollege.edu/englishcorner
• Discipline of examine—If you’re in a sophisticated course, your teacher will anticipate you to know every little thing that got here earlier than that course. You’ll not have to cite it in a paper for that course. Nevertheless, in one other course, like English, you would want to quote far more!
If you’re not sure about whether or not info is widespread data or not, cite it to make sure. It’s higher to over-cite than to plagiarize.
Shared language
Shared language is wording that’s utilized by individuals in the identical self-discipline. It isn’t thought-about plagiarism to make use of widespread phrases or distinctive phrases even when your sources use the identical phrases, and no direct quotes are wanted. Shared language is phrases or phrases that can’t not be rewritten utilizing your individual phrases with out changing into incomprehensible or ridiculous. If yow will discover a synonym for a phrase, use it to make sure. Listed below are some examples of shared language.

Typical designations: low-fat eating regimen, higher respiratory an infection, firewall
Bias-free language: wait employees, flight attendant, spokesperson, fireplace fighter
Self-discipline particular language: nursing diploma, science fiction, world warming, chemical
engineer
Shared language doesn’t cowl unique phrases created by authors. For instance, in David Foster Wallace’s graduation deal with at Kenyon School, he refers to drifting absently by way of life because the “default setting.” When paraphrasing Wallace, “default setting” should be in quotes since he initially created the time period and its related that means. It isn’t shared language.

For this Author’s Notebook task, full the next actions:

Watch the Summarizing video above
Reread and take notes over the essay “Literature is Political As a result of We Are Political Animals”

Utilizing the knowledge from the video over summarizing and the quote, paraphrasing, and summarizing worksheet, write a abstract of ” Literature is Political As a result of We Are Political Animals ”
Submit your accomplished task as an attachment by clicking on the hyperlink above.

Grading Rubric:

Preserve the unique work’s that means, protecting all of the sections of the unique.                      20
Write in a direct, goal type, utilizing your individual phrases.                                                         10
Start with a reference to the creator (full title) and the title of the work and his/her thesis. 10
Concentrate on major concepts, avoiding particular examples, illustrations, or background materials.       10
Mix major concepts into fewer sentences.                                                                             10
Preserve the steadiness of the unique work.                                                                               10
Choose exact, correct verbs to point out the creator’s relationship to concepts.                             10
Use creator tags all through to remind the reader it’s a abstract.                                           10
Finish by stating what the creator hopes the reader will take away from the work.                     10
Complete                                                                                                                                        100

The data offered right here shall be lined in your unit quiz on the finish of the unit!

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