Posted: September 13th, 2022

Descriptive Epidemiology

Descriptive Epidemiology
Descriptive epidemiology is the sector of science that describes the distribution of ailments in addition to the determinants. The principle purpose of any descriptive epidemiological examine is to look at and characterize the extent and distribution of a situation inside a inhabitants. The data gathered is used within the therapy, prevention, and administration of ailments with the purpose of bettering the well being and security of the complete inhabitants. Descriptive epidemiology additionally offers priceless info that units the stage that allows extra centered investigations and analysis involving observing, monitoring developments, planning for the providers, and launching extra in-depth research relating to a well being drawback.
Analytical epidemiologists will rigorously consider and file all of the circumstances related to the individual affected by the situation of curiosity. They may use the info gathered to determine any sample which may recommend the reason for the illness. Nonetheless, the principle focus is the frequency and sample of incidence. Frequency helps set up the speed at which the situation happens whereas the sample is used to determine the danger elements. To ascertain frequency and sample, descriptive epidemiology examines, organizes, and analyzes the variables of individual, place, and time.
Time. The incidence of an sickness shouldn’t be constant. Some ailments might happen repeatedly, whereas others are unpredictable. For example, two prevalent ailments that happen throughout the identical interval embrace influenza, which happens in the course of the winter, and the West Nile Virus an infection between August to September annually. However, ailments like hepatitis B can happen at any given time. With situations that happen repeatedly, the federal government can anticipate and put obligatory measures like vaccination to scale back their influence. For people who happen sporadically, analysis and research may help set up the causes and modes of unfold and take obligatory actions to stop opposed results.
Place, or the place the situation occurred. Describing the incidence of an infection by place helps set up the extent of unfold and the geographic variation. On this case, the place refers back to the geographic location related to the illness, together with administrative center, delivery, prognosis or report, current journey vacation spot, or faculty of attendance.
Particular person. Refers back to the individual(s) affected by the well being drawback. Some situations could also be dominant in sure teams of the inhabitants than in others. Descriptive epidemiology makes use of inherent traits of an individual reminiscent of age, intercourse, race, schooling, leisure actions, consuming patterns, marital standing, socioeconomic standing, and use of sure medicine and medicine like tobacco and alcohol.
Celius, Elisabeth Gulowsen. “Descriptive epidemiology and associated neurobiology.” Oxford Textbook of Neurologic and Neuropsychiatric Epidemiology 2 (2020): 295.
Schmidt, Peggy L., and Helen T. Engelke. “Epidemiology of Infectious Illness.” Medical Small Animal Inner Drugs (2020): 829-837.
Yadav, Shakti Kumar, Sompal Singh, and Ruchika Gupta. “Epidemiological Research.” In Biomedical Statistics, pp. 157-164. Springer, Singapore, 2019.

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