Posted: June 22nd, 2022

Toxins in the Human Body

Evaluate and distinction a toxin that impacts the nervous system, one which impacts the endocrine system, and one other that impacts the cardiovascular system. What traits are shared by these toxins, and what traits of those toxins make these toxins susceptible to toxicity of those particular programs

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Toxins in the Human Body
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Toxins in the Human Body
Lead is a toxin that impacts the nervous system. This toxin is usually uncovered to human beings via leaded gasoline, industrial processes equivalent to coal combustion and lead smelting, solder in water provide system and in grids. Its persistence in the surroundings is as a result of it’s non-biodegradable. Lead publicity impacts the central nervous system in addition to the peripheral nervous system. The consequences on the peripheral nervous system are largely seen in adults whereas the results on the central nervous system are seen in kids (Brent, 2006). Younger kids at the next threat as in comparison with adults. This as a result of their nervous system is growing and due to this fact it absorbs the next fraction of the lead (Needleman et al., 2004). The consequences of this publicity in kids are that they might seem inattentive, irritable and hyperactive at low lead exposures. In excessive lead exposures, they might expertise delayed progress, decreased intelligence, listening to loss and everlasting mind harm.
Dioxin is an environmental pollutant that impacts the endocrine system. This toxin is a by-product of commercial processes in addition to pure processes equivalent to forest fires and volcanic eruptions. In trade, they’re by-products of producing processes equivalent to smelting, bleaching of paper pulp and manufacture of herbicides (WHO, 2016). This toxin has many results in human beings. They embody pores and skin lesions which embody chloracne in addition to patchy darkening of the pores and skin. The toxicant has even be discovered to change the focus of reproductive hormones in the human physique. Which embody undescended testis, testicular most cancers and decreased spermatogenesis in males. It additionally will increase the probabilities of one being getting diabetes.
Mercury, on the different hand, impacts the cardiovascular programs. Human beings are uncovered to this toxicant via the surroundings. This toxicant is very cell in the ecosystem. Human actions that expose one to this toxicant embody burning of fossil fuels, burning of waste in addition to the coal and petroleum trade. Based on Yoshizawa et al. publicity to this toxin, results in arterial blood strain, elevated hypertension, coronary dysfunction and atherosclerosis.
These toxins have sure traits which are shared by all of them. These toxins are discovered in the surroundings on account of human actions. They’re produced on account of a chemical course of in the surroundings. These toxins react with the cells of their goal organ programs thus affecting organ programs and stopping them from functioning effectively.
The traits of Lead which have made the nervous system to be susceptible to it. Lead has no organic perform, it generates oxidative stress. On this case, it causes the era of ROS that results in vital harm of biomolecules equivalent to the DNA, enzymes, proteins in addition to membrane-based lipids. This it does whereas at the similar time impairing the antioxidant protection system. This makes the nervous system susceptible to its toxicity.
Dioxin is an exogenous agent. This permits it to intervene with synthesis, secretion, metabolism, binding motion or elimination of pure blood-borne hormones that are in the physique and that are chargeable for homoeostasis (E. D Kandarakris, 2009). Dioxin often acts via the nuclear receptors, nonnuclear steroid hormone receptors, nonsteroid receptors equivalent to serotonin receptors and dopamine receptors additionally different enzymatic pathways which are concerned in steroid biosynthesis and metabolism which often mix or converge upon the endocrine system. This permits it to change hormonal in addition to homeostatic programs in the human physique.
Mercury, which is inhaled, has the attribute of being simply absorbed via mucous membranes. This absorbed mercury will be deposited on physique tissues. This toxin can also be insoluble, secure and will be hardly absorbed in the blood this results in the mind in addition to the coronary heart being at the threat of its publicity since it’s largely discovered in the blood system.
References
Brent, J. (2006). A Assessment of: “Medical Toxicology”. Scientific Toxicology, 44(three), 355-355. doi:10.1080/15563650600584733
Needleman, H. (2004). Lead Poisoning. Annual Assessment of Medication, 55(1), 209-222. doi:10.1146/annurev.med.55.091902.103653
WHO | Dioxins and their results on human well being. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs225/en/

Yoshizawa Okay., Rimm, E. B., & Morris, J. S. (2002). Mercury and the threat of coronary coronary heart illness in males. The New England Journal of Medication.
Kandarakis, E. D., Bourguignon, J. P., & Gore, A. C. (2009, June 30). Endocrine-Disrupting Chemical compounds: An Endocrine Society Scientific Assertion. Retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2726844/

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