Posted: March 7th, 2023

Topic: Gout

Topic: Gout

ØProvide a creative, informative title for your case study. Include that same title in the subject line of your DB post.

ØBegin your post by addressing this question: Specifically, what about that topic (one major identifying point about it; not the book chapter) interested you? A personal experience, etc.? Explain in detail.

ØInclude information about each of the following as part of your case study. No copying of information verbatim from sources.

Ø Include eight or more different medical terms in your case study, and underline and bold them.

NOTE:medical terms must consist of those which pertain to the function and structure of the body, pathology, diagnosis, and/or treatment of the disease/disorder about which you selected to write (e.g, diaphysis, pyelonephritis, fenestration). Basic terms such as sign, symptom, disease, treatment, diagnosis, your title/topic choice, or word parts (e.g., dys-) will not count as medical terms.

a.Pathology – research the pathology of the disease/disorder about which you chose to write. Provide the name of the disease/disorder and explain it in detail. What is it? Pathogens? What causes it? Epidemiology? Whom does it affect? (e.g., breast cancer. Does it primarily affect women, or are many men also affected?)

b.Signs and Symptoms: List and define the signs and symptoms (these are different; they do not mean the same thing) of the disease/disorder. How does each affect the body?

c.Medical Specialists: Identify and describe two types of medical specialists (other than a primary care physician) to which the patient should/must be referred (cardiologist, neurologist, etc.)? Define/discuss each in detail (e.g, explain the difference between a neurologist and a neurosurgeon or a vascular surgeon). Explain why the patient should be referred to them. What type of treatment would each provide?

d.Diagnostic Tests and Treatment: Identify and define two major diagnostic tests used to properly diagnose the disease/disorder (e.g., angiogram, MRI). (Refer to chapter 15 which provides a wealth of information.) Explain why each test would help properly diagnose the patient.

Identify and define two medically approved treatments that address the disease/disorder (e.g., medication, rehabilitation/therapy, etc.)

e.Prognosis and Psychosocial Issues: Identify and explain in detail the probable prognosis (outcome). What are some related psychosocial issues? List three (3). Thoroughly explain who and what each affects and how.

Definition from Dictionary.com: Psychosocial (adjective) 1. of or relating to processes or factors that are both social and psychological in origin.

Examples: Recovery from alcoholism. Related psychosocial issues would be legal ramifications if the patient has been arrested for DUI. Financially, this affects the family due to all the costs and perhaps loss of work if there was a lengthy incarceration. The patient would most likely need to attend support group meetings. Again, this affects the family as it would affect their schedules. The family, as a whole, must consider therapy.

Physical disability – examples of related psychosocial issues are associated costs (medical, special clothing, Helpive technology such as wheelchairs, etc.); society’s belief in “body beautiful” and often not recognizing that someone with a physical impairment or disfigurement is beautiful. Role changes due to the illness/injury (e.g., the head of household and earner of most of the income can no longer work. How would that affect the family?).

e.Identify and define two forms of Helpive technology (AT) that a patient diagnosed with the disease/disorder about which you are writing can use. AT refers to prosthetics, etc. Explain these in detail; elaborate. State the pros and cons of each (e.g., cost, user friendly, etc.).

Do not simply list generic AT such as a walker or wheelchair. Research and list AT specific to the medical condition about which you are writing, and which is specific to the patient. There is a form of AT for each medical condition listed in the instructions for Part 1 of this assignment.

ØResearch sources:

oWrite a detailed description of the limitations (what you found as not being very useful), and strengths (what you found to be very useful) of each of the reference sources which you used for your case study. Regarding the website, describe its content and usability.

Consider the following: Why did you rely on those references? Would you recommend them to someone who was diagnosed with the disease/disorder about which you wrote your case study to help educate them on their diagnosis? If so, why would you recommend it? Justify your use of the references you chose; including the periodicals (e.g., consider the validity of the author’s study; was the information specific and easy to comprehend; the author’s expertise regarding the topic about which you are writing; etc.)

Example: If my case study dealt with someone who was dealing with an addiction, I would list a website such as Hazelden, or Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administrations (SAMHSA) as one of my references because either is a primary source of information on addictions.

Therefore, I would end my case study by referring to the website I used and describing its features which I found to be very informative and useful (e.g., information was innovative and current; provided information on alternative therapies, etc.), and describe features about it which were less helpful (e.g., the website was not user friendly).

oAt the end of your case study, type the word REFERENCES. List in APA format, the two (2) different resources, one periodical and one website, which you used in your research.You may list two periodicals but cannot list two websites. Periodicals must be those which have been peer-reviewed and are listed in journals (e.g., JAMA). You may also list more than two resources, however, will only earn credit for the two which are required. Search the UTRGV library databases. Websites must be those such as WebMD, American Medical Association, etc. If in doubt about the appropriateness of your reference, refer to your academic coach for advice.

This assignment must be written in your own words. No quoting paragraphs, etc. External sources only; do not list your textbook, no Blogs, no Wikipedia, etc. No in-text citations. APA 7th edition for Reference list only.

Title: Gout: The Painful Form of Arthritis

Introduction:
Gout is a form of arthritis that has been in existence for centuries. The disease has been around since ancient times, and it is caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in joints, tendons, and other tissues. It is a painful and debilitating disease that can affect anyone at any age, and it is important to seek medical attention as soon as possible to prevent long-term complications.

Pathology:
Gout is a form of arthritis caused by the accumulation of uric acid crystals in the joints, tendons, and other tissues. Uric acid is a byproduct of purine metabolism, and it is usually eliminated from the body through the kidneys. However, if the body produces too much uric acid, or if the kidneys cannot eliminate it efficiently, uric acid crystals can accumulate in the joints, causing inflammation and pain. Gout is more common in men than in women, and it usually affects people over the age of 40.

Signs and Symptoms:
The signs and symptoms of gout include sudden and severe pain in the affected joint, swelling, redness, and warmth around the joint, and limited range of motion. The most common joint affected is the big toe, but gout can also affect the ankles, knees, elbows, wrists, and fingers.

Medical Specialists:
Patients with gout may need to be referred to a rheumatologist, who is a medical specialist that focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of arthritis and other musculoskeletal conditions. A nephrologist may also be necessary for patients with kidney dysfunction or failure, as uric acid buildup can lead to kidney damage.

Diagnostic Tests and Treatment:
Two major diagnostic tests used to properly diagnose gout include joint aspiration and blood tests. Joint aspiration involves the removal of synovial fluid from the affected joint and analyzing it for uric acid crystals. Blood tests can also be used to measure the levels of uric acid in the bloodstream.

Two medically approved treatments for gout include nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and colchicine. NSAIDs are used to reduce pain and inflammation, while colchicine is used to reduce the frequency and severity of gout attacks.

Prognosis and Psychosocial Issues:
The prognosis for patients with gout is generally good if the disease is properly managed. However, long-term complications can occur if the disease is left untreated, such as joint damage and the formation of tophi (hard nodules of uric acid crystals). Psychosocial issues that may arise from gout include depression, anxiety, and social isolation due to pain and limited mobility.

Helpive Technology:
Two forms of Helpive technology that a patient diagnosed with gout can use include orthotics and canes. Orthotics are custom-made shoe inserts that can help relieve pressure on the affected joint, while canes can provide support and stability when walking.

Research Sources:
The two sources used for this case study are “Gout: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment” from the Arthritis Foundation and “Gout” from MedlinePlus. The Arthritis Foundation article provided a detailed overview of the disease, its symptoms, and treatment options. The MedlinePlus article was useful for its comprehensive list of diagnostic tests and treatment options. Both sources were easy to read and understand, and they provided accurate and up-to-date information.

References:
Arthritis Foundation. (2021). Gout: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment. https://www.arthritis.org/diseases/gout
MedlinePlus. (2021). Gout. https://medlineplus.gov/gout.html

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