Posted: February 27th, 2023

Behavioral, Social-Cognitive, and Humanistic Personality Theories

UOP PSY/250 Week 5 | Dr. Ellingford

Behavioral, Social-Cognitive, and Humanistic Personality Theories

Part I. Behavioral Theory
Answer each item in approx. 40 words according to Skinner’s theory of Behaviorism (Ch. 16).

1. Behaviorism’s definition of personality.

2. Behaviorism’s view on intelligence and/or creativity.

3. Behaviorism’s view on basic human needs.

4. Behaviorism’s view on human motivation.

5. Behaviorism’s view on human observation influencing personality.

Part II. Social-Cognitive Theories
Answer each item in approx. 40 words according to Bandura (Ch. 17), Rotter (Ch. 18), Mischel (Ch. 18), and Kelly’s (Ch. 19) views. You can mix and match. Just be clear who you’re writing about.

Example: You provide Rotter’s definition of personality and Bandura’s views on human needs.

1. Bandura, Rotter, Mischel, or Kelly’s definition of personality.

2. Bandura, Rotter, Mischel, or Kelly’s view on intelligence and/or creativity.

3. Bandura, Rotter, Mischel, or Kelly’s view on basic human needs.

4. Bandura, Rotter, Mischel, or Kelly’s view on human motivation.

5. Bandura, Rotter, Mischel, or Kelly’s view on human observation influencing personality.

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Part I. Behavioral Theory

Behaviorism’s definition of personality: According to Skinner’s behaviorism, personality is the collection of learned behaviors and responses to environmental stimuli. Personality is shaped through conditioning and reinforcement, and individuals are viewed as products of their environment rather than having innate traits.

Behaviorism’s view on intelligence and/or creativity: Skinner believed that intelligence and creativity are also learned through reinforcement and shaping. He rejected the idea of innate intelligence and argued that any individual can develop intelligence and creativity through proper conditioning and training.

Behaviorism’s view on basic human needs: Skinner did not emphasize the importance of basic human needs such as physiological or safety needs. Instead, he focused on the role of environmental factors in shaping behavior.

Behaviorism’s view on human motivation: Skinner believed that behavior is motivated by reinforcement and punishment. Positive reinforcement increases the likelihood of behavior being repeated, while punishment decreases the likelihood of behavior being repeated.

Behaviorism’s view on human observation influencing personality: Skinner believed that observation and modeling can influence behavior and personality. People can learn new behaviors and responses by observing others and experiencing the consequences of those behaviors.

Part II. Social-Cognitive Theories

Bandura’s definition of personality: Bandura’s social-cognitive theory views personality as a dynamic interaction between personal factors, environmental factors, and behavior.

Kelly’s view on intelligence and/or creativity: Kelly did not specifically address intelligence or creativity in his theory of personal constructs.

Rotter’s view on basic human needs: Rotter’s social-cognitive theory suggests that individuals have basic needs for control and predictability in their environment.

Mischel’s view on human motivation: Mischel’s cognitive-affective personality theory emphasizes the role of cognitive processes and individual interpretations in motivating behavior. He believed that individuals choose behaviors based on their expected outcomes.

Bandura’s view on human observation influencing personality: Bandura’s social-cognitive theory emphasizes the role of observation and modeling in shaping behavior and personality. Individuals learn new behaviors and responses by observing others and experiencing the consequences of those behaviors.

Part III. Humanistic Theories

Maslow’s definition of personality: Maslow’s humanistic theory defines personality as the expression of one’s unique potential and self-actualization. He believed that individuals have innate positive qualities and a drive towards growth and fulfillment.

Rogers’ view on intelligence and/or creativity: Rogers did not specifically address intelligence or creativity in his theory of personality.

Maslow’s view on basic human needs: Maslow’s hierarchy of needs theory suggests that individuals have basic needs for physiological, safety, love/belonging, esteem, and self-actualization.

Rogers’ view on human motivation: Rogers believed that individuals are motivated by the need for self-actualization and growth, and that their behavior is driven by their self-concept and the degree of congruence between their self-concept and their actual experiences.

Rogers’ view on human observation influencing personality: Rogers believed that individuals learn about themselves and their environment through their own experiences, rather than through observation of others.

Cervone, D., & Pervin, L. A. (2021). Personality: Theory and research. John Wiley & Sons. This comprehensive textbook provides an in-depth overview of various personality theories, including behavioral, social-cognitive, and humanistic perspectives.

McAdams, D. P. (2020). The person: An introduction to the science of personality psychology. Wiley. This book offers a contemporary perspective on personality psychology, covering topics such as traits, motives, goals, and life stories. It also includes a chapter on major personality theories, including behavioral, social-cognitive, and humanistic perspectives.

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