Posted: January 13th, 2023

Importance of Leadership and Management Theories

Note: This paper is like a literature review, compare and contrast the works of different authors. The professor wants a new reference and a citation on every two lines.

Assignment Structure

Introduction 500 words (Should be centred, in title case and bolded)

Under the introduction you should have the following sub topics that are listed below in bullet form (Should be flushed to the left, in title case and bolded like shown below)

Ø Importance of Leadership and Management Theories

These are some of the importance of Leadership and management theories

• To understand

• To explain

• To apply

• To learn

• To improve practice

Ø Aim of Assignment

For this part clearly state the aim of your assignment (Make sure you start with a thesis statement and end with a purpose statement)

Ø Overview of the Methodology

For this part discuss the methodology you used to collect data bear in mind that this is secondary research so please use literature review as your method of data collection. (So basically, for this part you will say that you used literature review to collect your data and clearly discuss why you choose lit review, how you choose your sources and where.)

Critical Assessment of the Evolution of Traditional and Contemporary Leadership and Management Theories 1815 words (This should be your next subheading after the Introduction. It should be centred, in title case and bolded)
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Traditional leadership and management theories, such as trait theory and behavioral theory, have been the dominant perspective in the field for many years. These theories focus on the characteristics and behaviors of leaders and managers, and emphasize the importance of certain traits and behaviors, such as intelligence, charisma, and decisiveness, in determining leadership effectiveness. For example, the trait theory posits that leaders are born with certain innate characteristics that make them effective, such as intelligence and charisma.

However, as the field of leadership and management has evolved, there has been a growing recognition that these traditional theories have limitations. They tend to be overly focused on the leader and do not take into account the complex nature of the leader-follower relationship. Additionally, these theories do not adequately address the importance of the social and organizational context in which leadership takes place.

In contrast, contemporary leadership and management theories, such as transformational leadership and servant leadership, take a more follower-centric approach. These theories focus on the leader’s ability to inspire and motivate followers, and on the leader’s role in creating a positive and empowering work environment. For example, transformational leadership theory emphasizes the importance of the leader’s ability to inspire followers to achieve their full potential, while servant leadership theory focuses on the leader’s ability to serve and empower followers.

One critical Assessment of the evolution of traditional and contemporary leadership and management theories is that traditional theories were more focused on the leader rather than the follower. Contemporary theories are more follower-centric and focused on creating a positive work environment.

Another Assessment is that traditional theories often neglected the importance of ethical considerations in leadership. Contemporary theories, such as authentic leadership, have placed a greater emphasis on the leader’s integrity and moral compass.

Moreover, traditional theories have been criticized for not taking into account the impact of cultural differences on leadership and management. Contemporary theories, such as cross-cultural leadership, have started to address this gap by highlighting the importance of understanding and adapting to cultural differences in leadership and management practices.

The evolution of leadership and management theories has moved from a leader-centric perspective to a more follower-centric one, and from a narrow view of traits and behavior to a more holistic view that takes into account the social and organizational context, ethical considerations, and cultural differences. The field is still evolving, and new theories and perspectives will continue to emerge in response to the changing context and drivers.
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For this part you are supposed to give a critical Assessment of the evolution of leadership and management theories but since you can’t discuss all of them due to the word count limit, you’re required to choose three management theories (Two traditional and one contemporary 750 words) and three leadership theories (Two traditional and one contemporary 750 words). You should have the following subheadings (Flushed to the left, bolded and title case)

Ø Evolution of Management Theories (750 words)

This is where you’ll discuss two traditional theories of management and one contemporary theory of management. You’re required to critically evaluate the evolution of Traditional and Contemporary Management Theories (supported by relevant references) in a chronological order. This will enable you to better illustrate their evolution. And you’re supposed to make sure you include the related socio-economic-technical context and drivers (supported by relevant references) for the Theories presented. This will add depth to the Critical Assessment. (Like the social context and drivers of this theories, the economic context and drivers and the technical context and drivers of each theory. (While discussing each theory ensure you mention the proponents of the theories, the year and what made the proponents to come up with these theories (socio-economic-technical context and drivers)

Traditional Management Theories

Scientific management by Frederick W. Taylor (1856-1917)

Administrative management Theory by Henri Fayol (1841-1925)  

Bureaucratic management by Max Weber (1864-1920)

Organisation-Environment Theories

Contingency Systems

Management Science

Behavioural Management Approaches

Human Relations Theory

Motivation Theories

 Evolution of Leadership Theories (750 words)

This is where you’ll discuss two leadership theories of management and one contemporary theory of Leadership. You’re required to critically evaluate the evolution of Traditional and Contemporary Leadership Theories (supported by relevant references) in a chronological order. This will enable you to better illustrate their evolution. And you’re supposed to make sure you include the related socio-economic-technical context and drivers (supported by relevant references) for the Theories presented. This will add depth to the Critical Assessment. (Like the social context and drivers of this theories, the economic context and drivers and the technical context and drivers of each theory. (While discussing each theory ensure you mention the proponents of the theories, the year and what made the proponents to come up with these theories (socio-economic-technical context and drivers)

Traditional Leadership Theories

Great Man Theory – Leaders are born and not made (1900-1930s)

Participative Leadership – Leadership Styles (Lewin, 1939)

Behavioural Theories – 1960 – 1964

Contingency Theories of Leadership (Fiedler, 1967)

Situational Theories (Hersey and Blanchard, 1969)

Servant Leadership (Robert Greenleaf, 1970)

Charismatic Leadership (House, 1977)

Contemporary Leadership Styles

Transactional, Transformational, Pseudo-transformational Burns (1978) 

Trait Theory (Jago, 1982; Bass, 1990)

Principle–Centered Leadership (Covey 1992)

Ethical Leadership (1992, 2006)

Entrepreneurial Leadership (2004)

Ø Emerging Context and Drivers’ Trends Likely to Influence the Development of New Leadership and Management Theories in the Future (300 words)

For this part, discuss two emerging context and drivers that are likely to bring about new theories of leadership and management.

Conclusion 350 words

Give an overview of the key critical context and drivers that impacted on the evolution of Traditional and Contemporary Leadership and Management Theories.

Assignment Tips (These are some of the context and drivers you should use)

Technological context and drivers

Nicolai Kondratiev: waves/long waves that are founded on technological innovation (every 40-60 years in last 200 years)

The Major Economic Cycles (1925)

Emergence of new industries

New job roles and professions

New business cultures and approaches

Increased productivity

Josef Schumpeter perspective – ‘creative destruction’ – technological progress as driver of growth, innovation, competition within capitalist system

Socialcontext and drivers

Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy (1942)

Education

Values

Authority

Forms of social organisation; networks

Castells, The Rise of Networked Society (1996)

Benkler, The Wealth of Networks: how social production markets and freedom (2006)

Culture

Motivation and human needs

Economic context and drivers

Composition of the economy: industries, sectors

Employment and skills

New value creation and growth

Innovation

Entrepreneurship

Foundational and Circular Economies
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Study Note:
Emerging context and drivers trends are likely to have a significant influence on the development of new leadership and management theories in the future. These trends can be broadly categorized into technological, social, and economic contexts and drivers.

Technological context and drivers, such as the long waves of technological innovation identified by Nikolai Kondratiev and the emergence of new industries and job roles, are likely to play a significant role in shaping the future of leadership and management. The perspective of Joseph Schumpeter, who saw technological progress as a driver of growth, innovation, and competition within the capitalist system, is also relevant in this context.

Social context and drivers, such as changes in values, education, forms of social organization, and culture, are also likely to influence the development of new leadership and management theories. For example, the rise of networked society, as described by Castells, and the shift towards social production, markets, and freedom, as described by Benkler, will likely have an impact on the way leaders and managers interact with their followers and stakeholders.

Economic context and drivers, such as the composition of the economy, employment and skills, new value creation and growth, innovation, and entrepreneurship, are also likely to have an impact on the development of new leadership and management theories. The shift towards a circular economy, in which the economy is based on the principles of keeping resources in use for as long as possible, will likely have a significant impact on the way leaders and managers approach decision-making and resource allocation.

The future of leadership and management theories will be shaped by a complex interplay of technological, social, and economic contexts and drivers. Leaders and managers will need to adapt to these changes and develop new skills and approaches to be effective in the future. In this context, leadership and management theories that are flexible and adaptive, that take into account the changing context and drivers, will be more relevant and useful in the future.

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