Posted: December 31st, 2022

Sampson and Laub extend Hirschi’s social bond theory

Week 12
Name
Institution

Q1
There are several pros of integrating theories. For one, the integration of theories serves to reduce repetition where 2 theories are conveying a similar theory with dissimilar opinions. Another pro is that integrating theories serves to bring consistency to the theories. However, it is important to note that integrating theories has some disadvantages as well. For instance, there is a high likelihood of the wrong mixture of theories by criminologists which could escalate the odds of an individual gravitating towards the increase of criminality (Lilly, Cullen & Ball, 2014). Also, the integration causes variables to be missed and important information to be left out. Lastly, integration can eventually lead to the misunderstandings of theories. In my opinion, integration of theories is not a worthwhile endeavor. This is because the original meaning and purpose of a theory may be lost. When integrating 2 or more theories, the theorist must consider the systematic integrative framework, the ideas being advanced by the theories, and the disciplines that the theories cover.
Q2
Sampson and Laub extend Hirschi’s social bond theory by suggesting that the ability of particular institutions to regulate criminal or conforming conduct depends on age-graded variability. As such, Sampson and Laub focus their work on social ties to establishments and other persons in adulthood. It is considered a life-course perspective because the theory advances the idea that life-course constant anti-social conduct begins early in life, when the difficult conduct of a high-risk young child is worsened by an environment that is highly risky. Social capital denotes to a set of shared values that enables people in a group to work collaboratively in an effective way to attain a common goal. People can obtain social capital through building goodwill.

Reference
Lilly, J. R., Cullen, F. T., & Ball, R. A. (2014). Criminological Theory: Context and
Consequences (6th ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

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