Posted: December 3rd, 2022

Orem Theory

Nursing
Title: psychotherapy
Number of sources: 3
Paper instructions:
Reflect on your overall practicum experience in this course. Then, address the following in your Practicum Journal:(Orem theory)
• Explain whether your therapeutic theory has changed as a result of your practicum experiences. Recall the theories you selected in Week 1.Orem theory)
• Explain how you integrated the therapeutic approaches from this course in your clinical practice. Include how this helped you achieve the goals and objectives you developed in Week 1.
• Explain how you might impact social change through your work with clients who have mental health issues.
• Support your approach with evidence-based literature.
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Orem Theory
Reflection on Practicum Experiences
The practicum experience was interesting since it was an opportunity to acquire more skills and exercise lessons learned in class. It was important in boosting the level of experience after meeting patients who had diverse needs. During the practicum, I witnessed the importance of Orem’s theory. The theory indicates that providers should encourage patients to be as independent (Koirala et al., 2018). It also argues that patients can recover quickly if they are allowed to take care of themselves. A registered nurse’s role is to identify the self-care deficits and determine the support modalities to meet the demands.
Therapeutic Theory
The therapeutic theory has not changed after the practicum experience. The only change that has occurred is a deeper understanding and application of the theory. Before the practicum, I did not understand the importance of self-care and the strategies for identifying self-care deficits. Some of the lessons I have learned during the practicum is rating the self-care deficits using various scales. The three major scales include total compensation, partial compensation, and educative or support strategies (Hasanpour-Dehkordi et al., 2016). Identifying the different needs of patients helps develop effective support modalities that will adequately meet their needs. For instance, registered nurses should identify self-care deficits, including mobility issues, inability to feed oneself, inability to maintain hygiene, inability to dress, use the toilet, and depression (Hasanpour-Dehkordi et al., 2016). Therefore, the self-care and self-care deficits’ perspective is essential in boosting the recovery of patients.

Integrating Therapeutic Theory
The practicum experience was an interesting experience to integrate the Orem theory. One way of integrating the therapeutic theory was to assess patients’ self-care deficits (Wazni & Gifford, 2017). For example, patients who could not feed on their required support to stay in the right position. Others who did not take care of their hygiene needed motivation or daily prompts such as bathing or cleanup. In some cases, patients who had depression or speech deficits needed a referral to another therapist to relieve the stress or improve their speech. Another way of integrating the practicum theory was to find out the patient’s history and track their progress (Wazni & Gifford, 2017). The information was essential in determining the level of self-care deficits that different patients had. The practicum experience was also important in learning that nurses cannot provide all the answers to healthcare needs. Patients will play a part in the recovery process, making it a combination of efforts.
Impacting Social Change
The work can trigger a social change in healthcare by encouraging patients to maintain autonomy in the treatment process. Patients with mental problems are encouraged to practice self-care activities to relieve stress (Wazni & Gifford, 2017). For example, they should learn how to change their thinking patterns that lead to anxiety or depression. People with depression due to criticism should learn to surround themselves with people who speak positively about life. They should also avoid self-criticism or setting standards they cannot achieve, which leads to depression. The approach can help patients with mental health problems realize that they are on the front line fighting their mental conditions (Wazni & Gifford, 2017). The approach will also change the perspective of mental health problems. Patients will also realize it is about self-care and not a curse or a major health condition that leads to depression. Orem theory is thus an effective approach to creating change in the healthcare system.

References
Hasanpour-Dehkordi, A., Mohammadi, N., & Nikbakht-Nasrabadi, A. (2016). Re-designing Orem’s self-care theory for patients with chronic hepatitis. Indian Journal of Palliative Care, 22(4), 395.
Koirala, B., Himmelfarb, C. D., Budhathoki, C., Tankumpuan, T., Asano, R., & Davidson, P. M. (2018). Factors affecting heart failure self-care: An integrative review. Heart & Lung: The Journal of Cardiopulmonary and Acute Care, 47(6), 539-545.
Wazni, L., & Gifford, W. (2017). Addressing Physical Health Needs of Individuals with Schizophrenia Using Orem’s Theory. Journal of Holistic Nursing, 35(3), 271-279.

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