Posted: November 19th, 2022

Pathology and Clinical Sciences Case Study Assignment

Assignment Topic:
Pathology and Clinical Sciences Case Study Assignment
Subject:
Medicine and Health
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Assessment Specifications
Subject BIOS222 – Pathology and Clinical Sciences 2 and 3
Type Case Study Assignment
Due Date Week 15 Sunday 11:55pm AEST Word Limit 1000 +/- 10%
Weight 40 % Total Marks 48
Case Study Assignment
You are provided with two Case Studies below, please choose ONE and prepare this for your
assessment submission. Analyze the Case and answer the associated questions (1-8) provided below.
There is only one submission for this assessment please check the Assessments Tab on the LMS for
the submission link. Read the Specific Task instructions below carefully to Help you in formatting your
assessment according to this specific assessment guidelines. Check the Example Case Study
Assessment on the Assessments Tab for support in how to answer the questions
Specific Task Instructions
1. On your cover page please identify the case you are addressing and the name of the patient (i.e.
Case A: Tony Adams). The formatting instructions for all assessments are provided in the APA 7
Referencing Guideline. Please check this information prior to submission of your assessment as you
will be assessed against this guideline. The word limit for each case is 1000 +/10%.
2. Please list ONLY the number of the question at the start of each answer (e.g., (1); (2); (3) etc.)
not the whole question. This will Help in reducing your Turnitin score.
3. For Question 3 ONLY please use a table to provide the answers for all parts of this question. Check
the Example Case Study Assessment provided on the Assessments Tab for support in how to
present this information in a table.
4. Research your answers and ensure you source supporting information from a minimum of four
additional sources (in addition to the prescribed readings for the course). These sources can
be any other reference textbooks, reputable websites, or peer reviewed research articles
(academic).
5. Check your Turnitin report after you have made your submission, rewrite any of your answers that
are highlighted in your own words to reduce similarity to resources or other students work. Headings,
common text, and referencing may be highlighted but this is not significant and can be ignored. If
your answers to the questions are highlighted, please rephrase this content and then resubmit your
assignment before the submission deadline.
6. Extensions for this assessment must be submitted in writing to your Lecturer using the correct form
before the due date/time deadline – use the Application Form for Extension of Written Assessment
Item – HE. If the due date/time has passed, please submit a Special Consideration Application which
can be found in College Forms.
Choose 1 either
Case A: Mr. Tony Adams, 38-year-old football player
At the football club just before the start of the game, Tony, a 38-year-old football player, collapsed and
began to have a seizure that lasted for about 30 seconds. He regained consciousness after a couple of
minutes and had no memory of the event. Earlier in the afternoon, he had complained of being unwell
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with a severe headache. He also felt nauseous and had severe chills at that time. He was taken to the
emergency department of the local hospital. On arrival, Tony felt nauseated and vomited once. At the
hospital he informs the physician that his neck feels stiff, sore, and extremely painful when he tilts his
head forward, and he has blurred vision.
The emergency doctor examined him, and the results are below:
Vital signs:
Test Result Reference Range
Blood
pressure
170/95 mm of Hg Systolic: 110-130 mm of Hg; Diastolic: 70 – 85 mm of Hg
(For this age group)
Heart rate 120 beats per minute 70-84 beats per minute
Respiratory
rate
18 per minute 12-16 per minute
Temperature 38.6 ˚C 36.7 – 37.2 ˚C
Neurological Assessment:
Abnormal pupil size and non-reactive to light
Visual disturbances
Neck stiffness
OR
Case B: Ms. Jane Williams, a 34-year-old female
Has presented with dull steady pelvic pain and severe lower backache. Her menses began yesterday,
and the pain is continuous since then. Ms. Williams had her menarche at 13 years of age and
experienced mild menstrual pains at every menstruation, but the pain has become unbearable over the
last four years. Her menstrual flow has become heavy in last 4 years. Her periods now last for 7 days,
with large dark clots and excessive bleeding for the first 4-5 days of menstruation. She feels exhausted
after her periods and complains that her over all physical stamina has reduced lately. She also
experiences painful defecation and intercourse.
Ever since her menarche, she experiences, a throbbing and paroxysmal headache, with neck pain and
vomiting almost every time before her menstruation. She feels irritated and gets angry for minor issues
during her periods.
She is married for nine years and has no children. She and her husband are not using any contraception
as they are trying to conceive for last three years.
Physical examination: The patient appears increasingly tired and fatigued. Her eye mucosa is pale.
Vital signs Result Reference Range
Blood pressure 100/70 mm of Hg Systolic: 100-120 mm of Hg
Diastolic: 60 – 80 mm of Hg
Heart rate 60 beats per minute,
regular
60-100 beats per minute
Respiratory rate 14 per minute 12-16 per minute
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Temperature 37˚C 36.7 -37.2˚C
Questions: Answer the following questions in not more than 2000 words (+/-10%). An Example
Assessment has been provided to help you to see how to address these questions, please check
this before you begin.
1. What are the key clinical diagnostic features presented by this patient in the case? Identify
and list at least six (6) of the most relevant diagnostic features from the case. (3 marks)
2. What are the likely differential diagnoses for this patient? Identify and list three (3) primary
disease conditions that could present with signs and symptoms similar to this patient. (3
marks).
3. How will you make a diagnosis? For, the three conditions that you have chosen in Q2 compare
and contrast the conditions to identify the similarities and differences in clinical features signs
or symptoms, physical examination findings, vital signs or test findings e.g. pallor, headache in
morning, high blood pressure or anaemia.
Identify three (3) similarities (3 marks) between the conditions and describe three (3)
unique differential features which can be used to distinguish for each condition from the other
two (x3 per condition = 9) (9 marks). Check the Example Case Study Assessment for help in
how to do this in a table format. (Total marks = 12 marks)
4. When taking a history how will you probe further to identify which of the differential diagnoses
is the most likely? Provide three (3) further questions you would like to ask the patient to
help you to narrow down the likely diagnosis and after each question explain briefly why you
have selected these questions. Ensure you target your questions specifically to investigate
further the clinical presentation (signs and symptoms) which support your diagnoses. (6 marks)
5. What is the pathophysiology of the definitive diagnosis you have chosen? Choose one (1)
definitive diagnosis and describe the pathophysiology of this diagnosis. Include at least six well
described aspects of the condition to get all the marks. (6 marks)
6. What investigative tests/procedures would be useful to Help you in confirming your definitive
diagnosis or ruling out your other diagnoses?
a. Discuss three (3) investigative tests/procedures that will help to confirm your
selection of definitive diagnosis and rule out the other two (3 marks).
b. Also, in your discussion explain what the expected findings would be of each test
that would confirm your chosen definitive diagnosis (3 marks). (Total = 6 marks)
7. What are the most appropriate management options for your definitive diagnosis? Briefly
describe two (2) pharmacological and two (2) non-pharmacological management options
for your chosen definitive diagnosis (4 marks).
8. What specific management options would be needed for your patient considering their
presentation, stage of disease or specific needs? Explain two (2) adjustments you need to
make to the management for this specific patient (2 marks).
Following specific, academic writing and integrity guidelines (6 marks)
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Marking Rubric
CRITERIA HIGH
DISTINCTION DISTINCTION CREDIT PASS FAIL
QUESTION 1: CLINICAL DIAGNOSTIC FEATURES (3 MARKS)
(1) Identifies
relevant clinical
features:
The student
analyses the clinical
presentation to
determine relevant
features of the case
which support their
differential
diagnosis
Accurately
identifies six (6)
relevant details from
the case.
Accurately
identifies five (5)
of the relevant
details from the
case.
Accurately
identifies four (4) of
the relevant details
from the case.
Accurately
identifies three (3)
of relevant details
from the case.
Insufficient correctly
identified details
from the case.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
QUESTION 2: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSES (3 MARKS)
(2) Identifies
relevant diagnoses:
The student
demonstrates their
understanding and
application of the
differential
diagnosis process
through their ability
to correctly identify
THREE differential
diagnoses.
Accurately identifies
3 correct
differential
diagnoses.
Accurately identifies
2 correct
diagnoses and 1
less likely
differential
diagnosis.
Accurately identifies
2 correct
diagnoses and
one incorrect
differential
diagnosis.
Accurately identifies
1 correct and 1
less likely
differential
diagnosis.
Correctly identifies
only 1 or fewer
diagnoses.
Or
Does not attempt.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
QUESTION 3: DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS COMPARE AND CONTRAST (12 MARKS)
(3a) Compare and
Contrast the
Diagnoses:
The student
demonstrates their
ability to identify key
similarities in the
features of the
diagnoses.
DIAGNOSTIC
SIMILARITIES
Identifies 3 correct
similarities in
symptomatology
Identifies 2 correct
and 1 mostly
correct similarity
in symptomatology
Identifies only 2
correct similarities
in symptomatology
Identifies 1 correct
and one mostly
correct similarity in
symptomatology
Identifies only 1 one
correct similarity.
Or
Does not identify
any correct
similarities.
Or
Does not attempt.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
(3b) Compare and
Contrast the
Diagnoses:
The student
demonstrates their
ability to identify key
features of
diagnosis which
allow it to be
differentiated from
the other differential
diagnoses.
DIAGNOSTIC
DIFFERENCES 1
Identifies 3 or more
key differences in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 1.
Identifies 2 clear
key differences
and 1 less than
clear difference in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 1.
Identifies 2 key
differences in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 1.
Identifies 1 clear
and 1 less clear
difference in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 1.
Incorrect diagnosis
1 made. No marks
for comparison.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
(3c) Compare and
Contrast the
Diagnoses: As
above
DIAGNOSTIC
DIFFERENCES 2
Identifies 3 or more
key differences in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 2.
Identifies 2 clear
key differences
and 1 less than
clear difference in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 2.
Identifies 2 key
differences in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 2.
Identifies 1 clear
and 1 less clear
difference in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 2.
Incorrect diagnosis
1 made. No marks
for comparison.
Australian College of Natural Medicine Pty Ltd trading as Endeavour College of Natural Health, FIAFitnation (National CRICOS #00231G, RTO #31489)
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3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
(3d) Compare and
Contrast the
Diagnoses: As
above
Diagnosis 3
differences
Identifies 3 or more
key differences in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 3.
Identifies 2 clear
key differences
and 1 less than
clear difference in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 3.
Identifies 2 key
differences in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 3.
Identifies 1 clear
and 1 less clear
difference in
symptomatology for
the diagnosis 3.
Incorrect diagnosis
1 made. No marks
for comparison.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
QUESTION 4: DIAGNOSTIC QUESTIONS (6 MARKS)
(4) Investigates the
clinical history:
The student asks
THREE specific and
appropriate questions
in the history taking
process to support
the differential
diagnosis process
Demonstrates a
critical
awareness of the
specific and
appropriate
questions required
to Help in making
a diagnosis.
Providing 3
excellent
targeted and
explained
questions.
Demonstrates an
awareness of the
specific and
appropriate
questions required
to Help in making
a diagnosis.
Providing 2
excellent and 1
reasonably
targeted question
with appropriate
explanations.
Demonstrates some
awareness of the
specific and
appropriate
questions required
to Help in making
a diagnosis.
Providing 2
excellent
questions the third
is not targeted
with appropriate
explanations.
Demonstrates some
awareness of the
specific and
appropriate
questions required
to Help in making a
diagnosis.
Providing 1
excellent and 2
reasonably
targeted question
with appropriate
explanations.
Less than two
questions provided
OR
No questions
provided.
6 marks 6 marks 5 marks 4 marks 3 marks 0 marks
QUESTION 5: PATHOLOGICAL MECHANISM (6 MARKS)
(5) Student
analyses the
pathological
mechanism of the
chosen definitive
diagnosis
Analyses the
mechanism of
disease pathology
for the chosen
definitive diagnosis
at a detailed and
correct level with
at least 6 clear
points made.
Analyses the
mechanism of
disease pathology
for the chosen
definitive diagnosis
at a highly detailed
level with at least
5 points made
correctly.
Analyses the
mechanism of
disease pathology
for the chosen
definitive diagnosis
at an adequate
level with at least
4 points made
correctly.
Analyses the
mechanism of
disease pathology
for the chosen
definitive diagnosis
at a somewhat
limited level with
only 3 points made
correctly.
Incorrect
OR
Limited
pathological
mechanism (less
than 3 points
made correctly)
Or
Does not attempt.
6 marks 6 marks 5 marks 4 marks 3 marks 0 marks
QUESTION 6: INVESTIGATIVE MEASURES (6 MARKS)
(6a) Student
investigates the
selected diagnosis
through the most
appropriate
diagnostic
measures
Investigates the
case with 3 highly
relevant and well
described
confirmatory
diagnostic
measures.
Investigates the
case with 3 correct
diagnostic
measures but 1 is
not well described.
Investigates the
case with 2 correct
diagnostic
measures which are
both well
described.
Investigates the
case with 2 correct
diagnostic
measures but 1 is
not well described.
Less than two
diagnostic
measures identified
correctly.
OR
Does not attempt.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
(6b) Student
reflects on the
results of the
diagnostic
measures to
confirm the chosen
definitive diagnosis
Reflects
comprehensively
on the results of 3
correct diagnostic
measures.
Reflects
comprehensively
on the results of 3
correct diagnostic
tests but the 3rd
result is only
partially
described.
Reflects
comprehensively
on the results of 2
correct diagnostic
tests.
Reflects
comprehensively
on the results of 2
correct diagnostic
tests but the 2nd
test is only
partially described.
Reflects correctly on
only one result.
Or
Does not attempt
the reflection on the
results.
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
QUESTION 7: PHARMACOLOGICAL AND NON-PHARMACOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT (6 MARKS)
(7a) Student
organises all the
information of the
case to establish
western
pharmacological
management plans
Identifies and
explains correctly 2
pharmacological
treatments
Identifies 2
pharmacological
treatments
correctly but 1 is
not well explained
Identifies 2
pharmacological
treatments
correctly but 1 is
not well explained
Identifies and
explains correctly
only 1
pharmacological
treatment
Does not
adequately describe
the pharmacological
treatments.
2 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 1. 5 marks 1 mark 0 marks
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(7b) Student
Organises all the
information of the
case to establish
western nonpharmacological
management plans
Identifies and
explains correctly 2
nonpharmacological
treatments
Identifies 2 nonpharmacological
treatments
correctly but 1 is
not well explained
Identifies 2 nonpharmacological
treatments
correctly but 1 is
not well explained
Identifies and
explains correctly
only 1 nonpharmacological
treatment
Does not
adequately describe
the pharmacological
treatments.
2 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 1. 5 marks 1 mark 0 marks
(8) Student reflects
on management
plans and clearly
indicates how they
would adapt the
pharmacological
and/or nonpharmacological
plans to the
patient’s specific
case/needs.
Explains
comprehensively
how they would
adapt treatments to
the patient’s specific
needs.
Explains to an
advanced level how
they would adapt
proposed
treatments to the
patient’s specific
needs.
Explains to an
adequate level how
they would adapt
proposed
treatments to the
patient’s specific
needs
Explains to a limited
level how they
would adapt
proposed
treatments to the
patient’s specific
needs
Does not
adequately describe
how they would
adapt proposed
treatments to the
patient’s specific
needs
Or does not
attempt.
2 marks 2 marks 1.75 marks 1. 5 marks 1 mark 0 marks
WRITING (3 MARKS)
The student uses
the appropriate
grammar, spelling,
writing and
mechanics
consistent with the
guideline
The writing is free of
errors, is
consistently
professional and
appropriate for an
academic paper
and in accordance
with guideline
There are minimal
grammatical/
spelling errors,
writing is
professional and
appropriate for an
academic paper
and in accordance
with guideline
There are several
grammatical/
spelling errors,
writing is
professional and
appropriate for an
academic paper
and in accordance
with guideline
There are several
grammatical/
spelling errors,
writing is minimally
appropriate for an
academic paper and
in accordance with
guideline
There are many
grammatical/
spelling errors and
is inconsistent with
guideline
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
REFERENCING (3 MARKS)
The student
demonstrates
knowledge of
referencing
according to the
APA 7th guideline
There are no
citation errors. The
Reference List is
complete, and all
work is referenced
consistent with
guideline
There are no more
than 2 citation
errors. The
Reference List is
complete, and all
work is referenced
and consistent with
guideline
There are no more
than 3 citation
errors. The
Reference List is
complete, and all
work is referenced
and consistent with
guideline
There are no more
than 5 citation
errors. The
Reference List is
incomplete,
OR
Not consistent with
guideline
There are frequent
citation
errors/omissions,
OR
The Reference List
is incomplete and
not formatted
according to
guideline
3 marks 3 marks 2.5 marks 2 marks 1.5 marks 0 marks
Academic Writing and Student Integrity
Writing on all assessments is expected to be of an academic standard and presentation, and all nonoriginal work must be properly referenced.
For Helpance in ensuring this academic standard, please refer to the Communication Skills Handbook,
4th edition (2014) by Summers & Smith and the APA 7 Referencing Guideline.
For Helpance with referencing, Mendeley citation software, and plagiarism please refer to links on the
Library homepage http://library.endeavour.edu.au.
The Library Research Skills Tutorial (located on the LMS drop-down Library tab) covers these areas
plus other relevant skills through videos and quizzes.
Additional support can be found at the top of the LMS Main Page. The Learning Resources tab contains
a section on Essential Academic Skills.
Note that all forms of plagiarism and cheating are taken very seriously at Endeavour. Please ensure
that you are familiar with the Academic Integrity Policy – Higher Education and that you are mindful of
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avoiding the use of any work that is not your own without proper attribution, as well as never allowing
your work to be used by another student.
Word Count
Word count must be clearly displayed on the title page or cover sheet. Words more than 10% beyond
the required word count will not be marked. Required word count includes in-text citations but
excludes text appearing in tables, graphs, figures, footnotes, captions, and end-text references.
Tables, graphs, and figures can enhance assignment presentation if used in moderation to convey
directly relevant information. However, if there are large numbers of tables, graphs and figures they
should be included as Appendices at the end of your assignment with an interpretation of these in text.
Tables, graphs, and figures are used to support your text and are not a substitute for your own synthesis
or interpretation of the material. Thus, as a guide, tables, graphs, or figures presented should not
consist of more than 10% of the total assignment word count, whilst keeping in mind that any words
so included are not part of the required word count. If you have questions about this, please consult
with your Lecturer before you complete and submit your assessment.
Late Submission
Assessments must be handed in by the stated time. Students submitting an assessment after the due
date and without an approved extension of time will lose 10% of the marks available for that
assessment item per day it is late. Refer to the Assessment Policy – Higher Education and the
Application Form for Extension of Written Assessment Item – HE.

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