Posted: September 24th, 2022

Positive and Classical Schools of Thought

Positive and Classical Schools of Thought
The Classical School of Criminology is a body of thought that was founded by Cesare Beccaria in the 18th- century and a group of other European philosophers. It was meant to address crime and the best way for punishments to criminals as well as give criminals free will in accepting their crimes. This was reached out following the heavy punishment that the judges imposed on those who were found committing crimes. The group considered this a form of oppression and unfair hence focused on reducing crimes that were being committed to preventing punishments for criminals. According to the thought, the crimes committed should fit the punishment and be as lenient as possible.
The Modern/ Positivity School of Criminology is a scientific body of thought founded by Cesare Lombroso and two others which are meant to differentiate between criminals and non-criminals. The difference was determined by using biological, psychological, and social laws. Biological positivity stated that individuals are born criminals and others are not. Psychological positivity was meant to observe the behavioral characteristics of the offenders. Social positivity on the other hand rejected the classical theory on free will and sought to identify positive cases of the propensity for criminal behavior.
The positivity scientific thought I believe is a better way of dealing with crime and criminals. It is a diverse way compared to classical thought that relies on free will. By behavioral consideration, psychological and social law I believe a better decision is likely to be reached. A good example of how positive thought works is seen in its effective use in the rehabilitation centers. Emphasis on positive experiences is made that potentially discourage continued criminal behavior.
Founded in the 18th century by Cesare Beccaria and a group of European philosophers, the Classical School of Criminology is a school of thought that focuses on the study of criminal behavior. It was intended to address crime and the most effective method of punishing offenders while also providing criminals with the ability to choose whether or not to embrace their crimes. This was made possible as a result of the severe punishments that were imposed by the courts on those who were found to have committed crimes. The group viewed this as a sort of oppression and unfairness, and as a result, they concentrated on limiting the number of crimes committed and on preventing criminals from receiving punishment. According to this line of thinking, the crimes committed should be proportionate to the punishment, which should be as light as feasible.
This scientific school of thinking, created by Cesare Lombroso and two others, is intended to distinguish between criminals and non-criminals by utilizing a modern/positivity approach to criminology. The difference was discovered through the application of biological, psychological, and social principles. Individuals are born criminals, according to biological positivism, whilst others are not born criminals. Psychological positivity was intended to be used to observe the behavioral characteristics of offenders, not to judge them. Social positivism, on the other hand, rejects the classical notion of free will and seeks to discover positive cases of a person’s proclivity to engage in illegal action.
I feel that the optimism of scientific thought is a more effective approach to dealing with crime and offenders. When compared to classical philosophy, which relies on free will, this is a more diversified approach. I believe that by taking behavioral considerations, psychological considerations, and social law into account, a better decision is more likely to be reached. Positive thinking is proven to be effective in rehabilitation centers, which serves as an excellent example of how it works. The emphasis is placed on positive experiences that have the ability to deter future criminal activity, rather than on negative experiences.
References
Bellino, Enrico, and Sebastiano Nerozzi, eds. Pasinetti and the Classical Keynesians: Nine Methodological Issues. Cambridge University Press, 2022.
Afawubo, Komivi, and Yawo Agbényégan Noglo. “ICT and entrepreneurship: A comparative analysis of developing, emerging and developed countries.” Technological Forecasting and Social Change 175 (2022): 121312.
Cook, David H. “Public health hosted self-directed rehabilitation (Outcomes).”
Wikström, P.O.H. and Kroneberg, C., 2022. Analytic Criminology: Mechanisms and Methods in the Explanation of Crime and its Causes. Annual Review of Criminology, 5, pp.179-203.

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