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Posted: September 12th, 2022
Thomas Deliver, a 36-year-old male patient
Screening Tools for ADHD Diagnosis in Adults:
To affirm the initial diagnosis that Mr. Deliver meets the criteria for ADHD, several screening tools can be used. Two commonly recommended tools are:
a) Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1): This self-report scale consists of 18 items and assesses the symptoms of ADHD in adults. It includes questions about attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. The ASRS-v1.1 has demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity in diagnosing ADHD in adults (Adler et al., 2017).
b) Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS): This tool is a comprehensive assessment of adult ADHD symptoms, covering both inattentive and hyperactive/impulsive domains. It includes self-report and observer-report versions and provides a detailed Assessment of ADHD symptoms, executive functioning, and impairment (Conners et al., 2010).
Pharmacological Treatment for Mr. Deliver (Adult, ADHD, Inattentive Type):
After further assessment, if Mr. Deliver is diagnosed with ADHD, inattentive type, the current recommendation for pharmacological treatment is as follows:
Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate and amphetamine derivatives, are considered first-line treatment options for adult ADHD (American Psychiatric Association, 2020). These medications have been extensively studied and shown to be effective in reducing ADHD symptoms, improving executive functioning, and enhancing quality of life in adults (Lopez et al., 2018).
Non-stimulant medications, such as atomoxetine, can be considered as an alternative or in cases where stimulants are contraindicated. Atomoxetine is a selective norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor and has demonstrated efficacy in reducing ADHD symptoms and improving executive functioning in adults (Faraone et al., 2018).
The specific choice of medication should be based on an individual’s medical history, comorbidities, potential side effects, and patient preference. It is important to involve Mr. Deliver in the decision-making process and discuss the potential benefits and risks of medication treatment.
Regarding the scenario with Thomas, the 13-year-old male with ADHD, hyperactive type, the pharmacological treatment would likely be different. Stimulant medications, such as methylphenidate or amphetamine derivatives, are commonly prescribed as first-line treatment for ADHD in children and adolescents (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2019). However, the exact treatment plan should be determined by a qualified healthcare professional based on a thorough assessment and consideration of the child’s individual needs and circumstances.
References:
Adler, L. A., Spencer, T., Faraone, S. V., Kessler, R. C., Howes, M. J., Biederman, J., & Secnik, K. (2017). Validity of pilot Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) to Rate Adult ADHD symptoms. Annals of Clinical Psychiatry, 29(4), 255-264.
American Academy of Pediatrics. (2019). Clinical practice guideline for the diagnosis, Assessment, and treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. Pediatrics, 144(4), e20192528.
American Psychiatric Association. (2020). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association.
Conners, C. K., Erhardt, D., & Sparrow, E. (2010). Conners Adult ADHD Rating Scales (CAARS): Technical Manual. Multi-Health Systems.
Faraone, S. V., Biederman, J., & Mick, E. (2018). The age-dependent decline of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analysis of follow-up
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Responses need to address all components of the question, demonstrate critical thinking and analysis and include peer-reviewed journal evidence to support the student’s position.
Please be sure to validate your opinions and ideas with in-text citations and corresponding references in APA format with references within the last 5 years 250-300 words
Thomas Deliver, a 36-year-old male patient, enters your office for his initial appointment. According to the intake paperwork, Mr. Deliver is a computer programmer who is complaining of problems with concentration, completing tasks, and being terrible at listening during company meetings and even at home. He explains that he has difficulty starting and completing work projects and trouble being on time or keeping appointments and commitments. He has divorced 3 months ago and has joint custody of two daughters ages 6 and 10 years old. On most days, he sleeps late and he has trouble keeping a regular schedule and getting his children to their lessons and extracurricular appointments on time. Mr. Deliver believes the lack of concentration and poor communication with his wife led to the divorce, and Mr. Deliver worries that his trouble with organization and attention may affect his custody agreement and prevent him from keeping his job. Mr. Deliver’s employer and his family and friends have suggested to him that he should get evaluated for ADHD, but he has resisted because of concerns about the stigma of a psychiatric diagnosis and the risks of taking a psychotropic Mr. Deliver thinks that he and his wife got divorced because he wasn’t paying attention and they didn’t talk to each other well. He is also worried that his problems with organization and paying attention could affect his custody agreement and make it hard for him to keep his job. Mr. Deliver’s boss, family, and friends have all told him to get tested for ADHD, but he hasn’t because he’s worried about the stigma of a psychiatric diagnosis and the risks of taking a psychotropic drug.medication. Mr. Deliver is 5’11” and his weight is 165 lb. He takes a men’s multivitamin daily, HCTZ at 25 mg for hypertension, fish oil 1,000 mg at bedtime for hyperlipidemia, and a rescue inhaler that he keeps with him although he hasn’t had to use it for many years.
1.What screening tools can be used to affirm your initial diagnosis that Mr. Deliver meets the criteria for ADHD?
2.Further assessment determines that Mr. Deliver does meet the criteria for ADHD, inattentive type. What is the current recommendation for pharmacological treatment for Mr. Deliver?
Assume that instead of Mr. Deliver being 36-years-old, Thomas is a 13-year-old male that also meets the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, hyperactive type (Thomas is not on any medications at this age).
Hbciow will your pharmacological treatment change
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