Posted: August 25th, 2022

Analyze the Challenges of Criminal Justice in a Multicultural

Analyze the Challenges of Criminal Justice in a Multicultural African People, Hispanics, and different minorities are subjected to the legal justice system at a lot greater charges than the white majority. African People symbolize 13 p.c of the basic inhabitants; nonetheless, they account for 1 million of the 2.three million of the jail inhabitants. African People serve nearly as a lot time in jail for a drug offense (58.7 months) as whites do for a violent offense (61.7 months) (NAACP, n. d.).

Based mostly on the readings and your personal analysis, embody responses to the following in a paper:

Decide if there may be a racial and ethnic disparity in the legal justice system, and clarify why. Help your reply with a current case from the information, newspaper, or your group.
Determine causes for such disparities.
Police have the discretion to make car stops and may later make justification for the cease explaining they noticed proof in plain view in the car. Clarify whether or not or not this sort of conduct is a type of racial profiling.
Help your task with not less than three scholarly sources. Along with these specified sources, different acceptable scholarly sources, together with older articles, could also be included.

Size: 5-7 pages, not together with title and reference pages

Extra sources:
-https://www.fbi.gov/providers/cjis/ucr
-NAACP. (n.d.). Criminal justice truth sheet.

Analyze the Challenges of Criminal Justice in a Multicultural Society
African People, Hispanics, and different minorities are subjected to the legal justice system at a lot greater charges than the white majority. African People symbolize 13 p.c of the basic inhabitants; nonetheless, they account for 1 million of the 2.three million of the jail inhabitants. African People serve nearly as a lot time in jail for a drug offense (58.7 months) as whites do for a violent offense (61.7 months) (NAACP, n. d.). The multicultural communities in the United States proceed to develop, particularly in cities the place they have an inclination to seek out extra alternatives. The outstanding progress of multicultural communities in the United States has elevated the challenges for legal justice. This paper examines the existence of the racial and ethnic disparity in the legal justice system and the causes for the existence of oof such disparities. The paper additionally examines racial profiling in relation to the police having discretion in stopping autos and later make justification for stopping the car by explaining that they noticed proof in plain view on the car.
The racial and ethnic disparity in the legal justice system refers to the variations that could be associated or not associated to discrimination. The existence of racial and ethnic disparity in the legal justice system might be defined in varied methods. A technique that signifies racial and ethnic disparity is the encounter between the residents and the police arrest. The racial and ethnic origin has been highlighted by varied researches on how they play a function in influencing the choice of regulation enforcement officers with regard to creating an arrest. Analysis has indicated that in the case of suspected juvenile offenses, the regulation enforcement officers have been reported to bear in mind the demeanor of the juvenile pin making the choice of arresting (“Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System,” n.d.). The juveniles suspect that to point out the police some stage of disrespect is prone to be arrested based mostly on their racial origin or minority quite than the stage of disrespect they present the regulation enforcement officer.
The opposite proof of racial and ethnic in the legal justice system based mostly on the residents’ encounters with the police is the proportion of blacks concerned in the shootings of legal suspects. The analysis carried out in New York indicated that blacks had been extra prone to interact in the police capturing than whites. Nevertheless, one other analysis carried out in Memphis indicated that whites had been extra prone to be concerned in armed incidents than blacks, however nonetheless, blacks had been shot by regulation enforcement officers greater than whites. In accordance with the AP Information, Richer Alanna investigates the racial disparities throughout the court docket system in the United States. Richer (2020) established that the Black and Latino defendants in Massachusetts had been extra prone to be locked up for weapons and drug offenses than white people. The AP Information report additionally concluded that the Black and Latino defendants had been prone to obtain longer sentences than their white counterparts.
The opposite indication of the presence of racial and ethnic disparity in the legal justice system is the presence of bias. Bias might be decided based mostly on most offenses that the folks of shade and minority are typically charged related to a wide selection if discretion from boot7h the judges and the prospectors on whether or not the defendant must be launched on bail. The prosecutors and judges have a tendency to think about elements akin to the people being a hazard to the group and that they may resolve to flee when given bail. Since most minority communities, blacks, and Latinos function inside a decrease financial power, the prosecutors and judges have a tendency to make use of it as a means of denying bail. For example, the prosecutors will take into account the employment standing, the marital standing, and the size of one as a residence in a explicit location as a means of relating the accused with the group.
The proof in the jury choice and its total course of has revealed the racial and ethnic disparity. The racial and ethnic disparity problem in jury choice was a main issue till in Strauder v. West Virginia (1880) when the court docket eliminated a statute that restricted the jury service to be just for white males. The court docket supplied the statute violated the Fourteenth Modification. The ruling and different legal guidelines haven’t solely eradicated the ethnic and racial problem in jury choice. States have gone to set necessities beneath which one might be chosen to a jury, which has been argued as a means of focusing on the minority and sure races. For example, in Delaware, the choice of the jury was drawn from a record that consisted of taxpayers that ae sober and even handed. Though varied Supreme Courtroom rulings have made it harder for the racial and ethnic disparity to be practiced in court docket, varied prosecutors and protection attorneys have been decided to make use of peremptory challenges used to excuse potential jurors. The protection attorneys and prosecutors, in most circumstances, don’t present any trigger or clarification or have to supply the court docket accountability. The use of peremptory challenges is used in the follow of racial and ethnic disparity, with the goal being to remove people from a sure race or ethnicity from the jury.
One other problem in the legal justice system regarding multicultural society is racial profiling. Racial profiling is often related to regulation enforcement officers. In police racial profiling, the race has been thought of one of the main elements that the police use in making choices on whether or not to conduct a avenue or visitors cease and interrogated a individual. Racial profiling just isn’t a new phenomenon because it has lengthy existed in the United States regulation enforcement businesses. A number of studies have indicated that discrimination based mostly on race, gender, or ethnicity has been a problem in the legal justice system, with regulation enforcement officers being the most affected (Harris, 1999). The elevated problem of racial profiling amongst regulation enforcement officers might be traced again to the 1980s when the laws and court docket choices had been delivered that enabled regulation enforcement officers to realize extra latitude relating to the capability to make a judgment on whom to cease, search, and arrest (American Sociological Affiliation. (, 2007).
Such latitude that had since elevated amongst law enforcement officials has created a norm that the regulation enforcement officers suppose that they’ve the discretion of stopping a car and later making a justification for the cease by explaining that they noticed proof in plain view of the car. Any regulation enforcement officer that doesn’t present a clear clarification relating to the choice to cease the automotive is in violation of the police code of visitors and different additional legal guidelines and insurance policies that govern the visitors regulation enforcement (American Sociological Affiliation, 2007). Nevertheless, in the state of affairs that the police officer stops a car and gives an evidence that tends to point racism, then the conduct is taken into account to be in the type of racial profiling. For example, an officer that stops a car obeying pushed by a black or Latino, and the clarification for the cease that the regulation enforcement officer gives is that he noticed the proof in plain view. Such a form of clarification clearly signifies that the regulation enforcement officer used the automotive occupant’s pores and skin shade to resolve to cease the automotive. Regulation enforcement officers with the racial profiling conduct have created a severe problem in the legal justice system, whereby sources are being wasted for conducting justice course of o that might have been averted.

References
American Sociological Affiliation. (2007). Race, Ethnicity, and the Criminal Justice System. Retrieved from https://www.asanet.org/websites/default/recordsdata/savvy/photographs/press/docs/pdf/ASARaceCrime.pdf
NAACP. (n.d.). Criminal justice truth sheet.
Harris, D. (1999). Driving Whereas Black: Racial Profiling on Our Nation’s Highways. ACLU. Retrieved from https://www.aclu.org/report/driving-while-black-racial-profiling-our-nations-highways
“Racial Discrimination in the Criminal Justice System.” (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.sagepub.com/websites/default/recordsdata/upm-binaries/46946_CH_3.pdf
Richer, A. (2020). Researchers discover racial disparities throughout court docket system. AP Information. Retrieved from https://apnews.com/article/race-and-ethnicity-crime-massachusetts-courts-gun-politics-6349ecf90445bca896b33ae77f841538

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