Posted: August 4th, 2022

ClamXav is a well-known Mac OS security application

Questions
1 web page and three sources per Question Assignment……Please don’t use the identical supply for multiple Question Assignment.

Please separate the questions with its sources.

Questions:

Please clarify what is ClamXav. (1 web page)

Please title and describe two cryptographic methods. (1 web page)

What is the perform of a community sniffer? (1 web page)

Please describe the construction of the occasion log header. (1 web page)

What is key phrase looking out? (1 web page)

Please clarify what is ClamXav?
ClamXav is a well-known Mac OS security application developed by Mark Allan to test for viruses. The app has been developed since 2004 beneath Sourcefire VRT and has been free to the general public ever since. The antivirus software program is constructed on the command-line ClamAV engine which occurs to be open supply (EC- Council, 2016). Earlier than working the app, it is vital to again up all information for the reason that software program has a historical past of shifting information on the pc. The software program finest works on the Mac OS X, PPC Macs 10.three, 10.four and Intel Macs 10.four. ClamXav features embody monitoring folders, logging outcomes, monitoring modifications, and shifting information into quarantine. This software program differs from different industrial applications because it doesn’t come connected with Android or Home windows software program (Scharr, 2014). Homeowners are allowed to decide on the information to be scanned therefore decreasing the workload on the software program. One may also schedule their scans to run whereas they’re away or performing different duties. ClamXav nonetheless doesn’t scan via downloaded information in real-time like most antivirus applications. It as an alternative performs higher when scanning over storage units for malicious information. When it finds contaminated materials, it notifies the consumer and tells the potential threats posed by the an infection. A wide range of instruments are then supplied to mitigate the menace. The contaminated information are principally put into quarantine because the consumer determines the most effective method to cope with the menace. One can tear the information and delete them relying on their choice. ClamXav features may also be paused and resumed and they don’t seem to be overbearing to the OS (Barylick, 2014). Total, ClamXav is a recommendable Mac OS antivirus because it is free and open supply.
References
Barylick, C. (2014). Recommendation from an Apple Tech: ClamXav is a beneficial troubleshooting device. Retrieved from https://www.macworld.com/article/2152047/advice-from-an-apple-tech-clamxav-is-a-valuable-troubleshooting-tool.html
EC-Council. (2016). Moral Hacking nd Countermeasures: Safe Community Working Methods and Infrastructure. Cengage Studying
Scharr, J. (2014). ClamXav for Mac Evaluate. Retrieved from https://www.tomsguide.com/us/clamxav-mac-security-antivirus,review-2347.html

Please title and describe two cryptographic methods.
Cryptography is outlined because the science of writing in a secret method to Help confidentiality, key trade, integrity, authenticity and non-repudiation (Kessler, 2020). Two methods of cryptography are symmetric and uneven key cryptography. Whereas symmetric encryption decrypts and encrypts messages utilizing the identical key, uneven enforces the usage of two non-identical keys which are mathematically associated. Symmetric cryptography encryption has its roots deep in historical past for the reason that talent was extremely used throughout navy and authorities communications. Immediately, the approach is broadly used internationally of computer systems. Symmetric cryptography depends on each the sender and the receiver counting on a single key to write down and perceive the message (Binance, Undated). The method includes the usage of plain texts and cipher texts to decode the hidden message. In some circumstances, the encryption is too dense such that the cipher textual content needs to be written again to the plain textual content utilizing the important thing. For computer systems, block and stream ciphers are among the methods used to decode hidden symmetric key messages. The uneven cryptography approach is additionally thought to be the general public key cryptography (Globalsign, Undated). This system depends on a non-public key to decrypt and the general public key to encrypt messages. The general public keys are simply shared however solely the consumer with the non-public key can create modifications or digital signatures. Personal keys usually are not shared and are saved inside the consumer’s laptop inside the OS or software program. Even when public keys are shared, they’re normally too massive for one to cram their contents and one can not depend on the information inside the public key to compute a non-public key. Regardless of the complexity, each symmetric and uneven cryptographic methods are design to guard messages from unauthorized viewers.
References
Binance. (Undated). What is Symmetric Key Encryption? Retrieved from https://www.binance.imaginative and prescient/security/what-is-symmetric-key-cryptography
Globalsign. (Undated). What is Public key cryptography? Retrieved from https://www.globalsign.com/en/ssl-information-center/what-is-public-key-cryptography
Kessler, Gary. (2020). An Overview of Cryptography. Retrieved from https://www.garykessler.web/library/crypto.html

What is the perform of a community sniffer?
A community sniffer includes the usage of a software program or with the related software program to observe the information passing via a community in actual time. The software program take snapshots of the information passing via the TCP/IP community with out making modifications to the packets (Mitchell, 2020). Historically, such sorts of software program had been utilized by professionals, however the availability of the web has enabled extra customers to realize entry to software program’s. This device can be utilized over a TCP/IP however in different circumstances may also work with complicated community protocols comparable to Ethernet frames. There are each destructive and optimistic features of the device as it may be utilized by professionals and hackers alike. Constructive features contain changing information to readable format, analyzing visitors, and recording visitors, displaying IP info, capturing packets and decrypting them. It is additionally potential to accumulate the title of the host and server via a community sniffer. As a lot because the device serves as a testing program, hackers are identified to make use of the identical instruments to Help of their malicious exercise (Colasoft, Undated). Capabilities of a community sniffer for a hacker contain catching passwords, gaining excessive stage authority inside a community, disrupting community security, studying consumer info, and recording info. Via the usage of this software program device, hackers are capable of intercept crucial info comparable to account names, credit score ID, username and passwords and steal from unknowing suspects. Additionally, some modified community sniffers are capable of carry out modifications on the consumer’s info therefore tampering with integrity. Total, the principle purpose of community sniffing is checking for underlying security issues throughout a laptop community (Complete Section, 2017). Identification of such points aids community security personnel to mitigate the menace earlier than it damages the system.

References
Mitchell, B. (2020). What is a Community Sniffer? Retrieved from https://www.lifewire.com/definition-of-sniffer-817996
Complete Section. (2017). What is a packet sniffer? Retrievef from https://www.totalphase.com/weblog/2017/07/what-is-a-packet-sniffer/
Colasoft. (Undated). Community Sniffer. Retrieved from https://www.colasoft.com/sources/network-sniffer.php

Please describe the construction of the occasion log header.
Logs are outlined as occasion data detailing the processes that happen inside a laptop (Loggly, Undated). Via such data, it is potential to establish errors or threats and troubleshoot. For the reason that logs use codecs which are structured, it turns into simple to go looking and analyze processes from the web info service, software program purposes, and working system. Every occasion is represented by a header within the type of ELF_LOGFILE_HEADER which is a construction that is up to date consistently relying on the frequency of recent occasions being written on the log (Microsoft, 2015). The occasion log header is written in the beginning of the log to state extra info regarding the related log. The ReportEvent perform is known as by a course of which triggers an entry to the occasion log by the event-logging companies recording the parameters of the method. There are two technique of organizing occasion logs and so they embody non-wrapping and wrapping. The non-wrapping approach takes place throughout the creation or clearance of an occasion logger. It includes including new data after the lastly recorded ones whereas the oldest data seem proper under the header (Jacobs, 2018). For the wrapping approach, older data are changed by new ones. The data are organized in a round method the place buffing happens when every new entry happens. The scale of an occasion log header is fastened whereby purposes are alleged to report occasions to event-logging companies for recording to happen within the occasion log file. Members of an occasion log header embody header measurement, MaxSize, EndOffset, MinerVersion, MajorVersion, Signature, Flags, CurrentRecordNumber, Flags, StartOffset, Retention and EndHeaderSize. Each stay and backup occasion logs are used whereby stay occasion logs document stay processes whereas backups maintain a copy of the stay log. Total, the occasion log header construction is meant to document info that tells extra of the occasion log.

References
Jacobs, M. (2018). Occasion Log File Format. Retrieved from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/home windows/win32/eventlog/event-log-file-format
Loggly. (Undated). Final information to logging. Retrieved from https://www.loggly.com/ultimate-guide/windows-logging-basics/
Microsoft. (2015). ELF_LOGFILE_HEADER construction. Retrieved from https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/home windows/win32/eventlog/event-log-file-format
What is key phrase looking out?
With a lot on-line exercise going one, there is the necessity for folks to search out what they’re in search of comfy. Key phrase looking out includes the usage of phrases or phrases to Help serps ship related outcomes to browsers (Brightedge, Undated). There is the usage of algorithms to research the phrases or phrases inside the various search engines to Help match the given key phrases with accessible on-line materials. Key phrases make up the first means to working with serps for the reason that extra usually one makes use of a phrase, the extra related the outcomes grow to be. Sadly, there have been circumstances of individuals stuffing key phrases to control the search engine to search out their content material which doesn’t align with the question. Through the years, serps have improved their algorithms and are capable of filter content material to enhance relevancy. Nonetheless, the usage of too many key phrases could confuse the search engine whereas the usage of fewer phrases could give a huge vary of outcomes (Pearanalytics, 2010). Key phrase looking out is executed over the URL, Daring or Italicized, Meta description, Picture filenames, Physique Content material, H1 tag, and Title Tag. If the key phrases being searched fall inside extra of the classes, then the chance of receiving related outcomes will increase. The perform of key phrase looking out has been taken benefit of by digital entrepreneurs who intend to enhance on-line advertising. Key phrases have the flexibility to find out what a enterprise is identified for and therefore draw folks to their web sites (Patel, 2020). Via the usage of the correct key phrases, companies are additionally capable of sustain with the newest traits since they seem on the prime of the newest searches. Integrating related key phrases to content material ensures that searches match up with the present Search Engine Optimization traits.

References
Brightedge. (Undated). Why are Key phrases Necessary? Retrieved from https://www.brightedge.com/glossary/importance-of-keywords
Patel, N. (2020). Why Key phrase Analysis is the Most Necessary A part of Digital Advertising. Retrieved from https://neilpatel.com/weblog/keyword-research-important-part-digital-marketing/
Pearanalytics. (2010). Why Key phrase Relevancy is So Impprtant. Retrieved from https://pearanalytics.com/why-keyword-relevancy-is-important/

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