Posted: August 1st, 2022

Pathophysiology And Pharmacologic Therapy

NUR641E Topic 5: Cardiovascular System And Lymphatic System: Selected Pathophysiology And Pharmacologic Therapy
NUR641E Topic 5: Cardiovascular System And Lymphatic System: Selected Pathophysiology And Pharmacologic Therapy

Max Points:130

Objectives:

Describe normal pathophysiology and alterations in the cardiovascular system and lymphatic system.
Integrate knowledge of pathophysiology and pharmacology into teaching and educational materials in diverse settings.
Describe a pharmacological intervention using an evidence-based treatment guideline.
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Topic 5 DQ 1

Choose a medical condition from the cardiovascular system and lymphatic system and explain the pathophysiology changes that may occur. What patient education would need to be included related to this disorder? Make sure that you select a different medical condition than your peers. Include the name of the medical condition in the subject line so that the medical condition can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

ORTHOSTATIC (POSTURAL) HYPOTENSION

Orthostatic hypotension, also called “postural hypotension,” is a drop of 20 mmHg in systolic blood pressure and 10 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure from lying down to sitting to standing up in 3 minutes. Most of the time, primary orthostatic hypotension is called neurogenic hypotension. It is caused by a disorder of the nervous system that affects the autonomic system. This makes the sympathetic nervous system more active through baroreceptors in the carotid sinus and aortic arch. This causes the heart rate to go up and the systemic arteries to narrow, which keeps the blood pressure stable. This doesn’t happen in people with orthostatic hypotension.

This disease is more common in older people because their postural reflexes slow down with age and because they are more likely to have Parkinson’s disease or multiple system atrophy. As part of this order, the patient could be told to change positions slowly to avoid feeling dizzy and falling, to drink a lot of water, to avoid crossing their legs while sitting, and to raise the head of the bed.

Reference

McCance, K. L., Huether, S. E., Brashers, V. L., Rote, N. S., & McCance, K. L. (2019). Pathophysiology: The biologic basis for disease in adults and children

REPLY

Topic 5 DQ 2

Select a medication used in evidence-based treatment guidelines for the condition chosen in the first discussion question. Share the mechanism of action of this medication and hints for monitoring, side effects, and drug interactions of which one should be aware. Make sure that you select a different medication than your peers. Include the name of the medication in the subject line so that the medications can be followed. Include your references in APA style.

REPLY TO DISCUSSION

Ketoprofen

In the past, lymphedema was treated by wearing compression garments, doing lymphatic massage, or having surgery. Medication therapy hasn’t really been used to treat lymphedema, but trials with the NSAID ketoprofen have shown that it might be helpful (Rockson et al., 2018). Ketoprofen works by blocking both cyclooxygenase (COX) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) enzymes that cause inflammation (Rockson et al., 2018). When 5-LO is stopped from working, leukotriene B4 (LTB4) is made less. The goal of taking ketoprofen was to reduce swelling, relieve pain, and help with the thickening of the skin that comes with lymphedema. When this medicine is taken for a long time, blood tests will be needed to check for toxicity, especially in high-risk patients (Drugs.com, n.d.). Ketoprofen should also be watched for any other dangerous side effects. There could be a severe allergic reaction, a heart attack or stroke, or bleeding in the stomach or intestines (Drugs.com, n.d.). Some of the most common side effects of this NSAID are heartburn, gas, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and dizziness (Drugs.com, n.d.). Some antidepressants can make it easier to get bruises and bleed, anticoagulants can make them work better, and steroid drugs can cause stomach problems (Drugs.com, n.d.).

References

Drugs.com. (n.d.). Ketoprofen. https://www.drugs.com/mtm/ketoprofen.html

Rockson, S. G., Tian, W., Jiang, X., Kuznetsova, T., Haddad, F., Zampell, J., Mehrara, B., Sampson, J. P., Roche, L., Kim, J., & Nicolls, M. R. (2018). Pilot studies demonstrate the potential benefits of anti-inflammatory therapy in human lymphedema. JCI Insight, 3(20). https://doi.org/10.1172/jci.insight.123775

NUR641E Topic 5: Cardiovascular System And Lymphatic System: Selected Pathophysiology And Pharmacologic Therapy — Topic 6 CLC – Staff Training
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Assessment Description

This is a Collaborative Learning Community (CLC) assignment.

This assignment requires completion of two parts: a presentation and an educational resource.

Part 1: Presentation
Create a PowerPoint presentation (15-20 slides, with speaker notes) for a staff training meeting on the pathophysiology and pharmacologic agents for a select disease process.

Each CLC will choose one disease process from the following list and obtain instructor approval to avoid duplication:

Alzheimer’s Disease
Asthma
Diabetes Type 2
Epilepsy
Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)
Hypertension
Hypothyroidism
Multiple Sclerosis
Peptic Ulcer Disease
Tuberculosis
Describe the physiology and pathophysiology of the disease, clinical manifestations, and Assessment (e.g., labs, imaging).

Describe the pharmacologic treatment of the disease, including pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug interactions, side effects, adverse reactions, and application of the nursing process in monitoring the drug therapy.

Part 2: Educational Resource
Using your selected disease process from Part 1, develop an educational resource that can Help staff in increasing patient knowledge of medications and medication compliance.

The vehicle for your educational resource could include pamphlets, handouts, or any other brief, concise medium to convey the information to staff.

General Requirements

Refer to the resource, “Creating Effective PowerPoint Presentations,” located in the Student Success Center, for additional guidance on completing this assignment in the appropriate style.

While APA style is not required for the body of this assignment, solid academic writing is expected, and documentation of sources should be presented using APA formatting guidelines, which can be found in the APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

You are required to submit this assignment to LopesWrite. A link to the LopesWrite technical support articles is located in Class Resources if you need Helpance.

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