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Posted: July 17th, 2022
Nutrition Part 2 essay
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Home>Nursing homework help>nutrition part 2
Unity Junior High Nutrition Assessment
Ellena Chaplin
Raeven Moore
Shana Williford
Misha A. Vicente
Introduction
Purpose of the presentation: To analyze the school lunch menu for an adolescent female at Unity JR. High School.
Age group: 13 year-old-female
Cultural focus: Available Lunch Menu items at Unity Jr High School in Cicero, IL.
Largest percent of students eligible for free lunch
Large population of Hispnaics in the Community
Top Illinois Public School reports, Unity Junior High school placed in the top 20% of public school in illinois for eligible for free lunch. 84% of students that attends Unity Jr High School are eligible for free lunch, 3% of students are eligible for reduced lunch. 86% of hispanic students are hispanic and with that being said Unity jr school is the second largest middle school in the county.
Current Menu Analysis: Day 1
Current Menu: Whole grain Gardein Crispy Chick’n Patty, whole grain hamburger bun, mixed vegetables, broccoli, cauliflower, and carrots, Del Monte mixed fruit cup peaches, pears, and pineapples in water, and 1% milk
Healthy selections: Whole grain Gardein Crispy Chick’n Patty, whole grain hamburger bun, mixed vegetables, broccoli, cauliflower, and carrots, and 1% milk
Unhealthy selections:Del Monte mixed fruit cup peaches, pears, and pineapples in water, no sugar added
Excess Nutrients:
Vitamin A, Vitamin C, and Vitamin K
Deficient Nutrients:
Energy, Water, B1 (Thiamine), B3 (Niacin), B5, B6, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Calcium, Copper, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Selenium, Zinc, Fat, Omega-6, Carbs, Fiber, and Protein
Over the course of the lunch menu are the individuals provided with a balanced diet?
As diverse of a food menu the school tried to provide it was still challenging to provide the individual in this age group a healthy meal option that would provide sufficient intake of nutrients. This current menu option has 21 nutritional deficiencies.
Current Menu Analysis: Day 2
Current Menu
Hot dog with bun, baby romaine salad, raw jalapenos, light french dressing, fresh orange, ketchup, mustard, 1% low-fat milk, carrot sticks
Healthy selections
Romaine salad, light french dressing, raw jalapenos, fresh orange, 1% low-fat milk, hot dog bun, carrot sticks
Unhealthy selections
Hot dog, ketchup, mustard
Excess Nutrients
Vitamin A, Sodium, Phenylalanine, Vitamin C
Deficient Nutrients
energy, water, carbohydrates, omega-3, omega-6, vitamin B1, protein, vitamin B2, vitamin B5, vitamin B3, vitamin B6, folate, vitamin B12, vitamin D, vitamin K, vitamin E, iron, copper, calcium, phosphorus, manganese, potassium, selenium, and zinc
Over the course of the lunch menu are the individuals provided with a balanced diet?
This is not a balanced nutritional diet because it is lacking in 24 essential nutrient. There was cultural diversity in the alternative options of chicken taco and tortilla chips. However, there could have been better options for food choices.
Current Menu Analysis: Day 3
Current Menu
Corn dog on a stick with mustard, chicken tenders with potato wedges, diced carrots, applesauce cup, BBQ sauce, ketchup, choice of milk
Healthy selections
Potato wedges, diced carrots, apple sauce, milk
Unhealthy selections
Corn dog,chicken tenders, BBQ sauce, ketchup, mustard
Excess Nutrients
Vitamin A, sodium, saturated fats, trans fats
Deficient Nutrients
Fiber, iron, calcium, vitamin C, vitamin B12, folate, potassium, carbohydrates, omega 3, omega 6, protein, vitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin K, copper, magnesium, selenium, zinc, phosphorus, manganese
Over the course of the lunch menu are the individuals provided with a balanced diet?
This is not a balanced diet considering there is an extreme excess in unhealthy nutrients and a deficient amount of healthy nutrients.
Ellena slide
Current Menu Analysis: Day 4
Current Menu
Pizza Hut, Marinara Dipping Sauce, Pizza Rolls or Bites, Cheese, Subway, sandwich, Veggie Delight, Fresh Fit, with nine grain wheat, 6”
Corn, Yellow, Canned, Drained, Hellman’s & Best Foods, Light Mayonnaise, Dole, Diced Pears, No Sugar Added, Thai Choice, Coconut Milk, pickle chips
Healthy selections
Dole, Diced Pears, No Sugar Added, Corn, Yellow, Canned, Drained, Thai Choice, Coconut Milk
Unhealthy selections
Pizza Hut, Marinara Dipping Sauce, Pizza Rolls or Bites, Cheese, Subway, sandwich, Veggie Delight, Fresh Fit, with nine grain wheat, 6”
Excess Nutrients
Vit A, Vit C, Iron, Phenylalanine
Deficient Nutrients
Water, Omega-3, Omega-6, Protein, Cystine, Lysine, B5, B6, B12, Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorus, Zinc
Over the course of the lunch menu are the individuals provided with a balanced diet?
The current menu is not considered a healthy balanced meal. Based on the findings, this lunch selection did not consists of any fats, carbohydrates which is important to maintain adequate energy levels, and there was not enough water intake, vitamin B12, protein, and calcium which is all needed to optimize health.
Nutritional Requirements for Age
For a 13-year-old female, it is important to emphasize the importance of eating a well balanced diet. A balanced diet ensures optimal health and adequate growth and development. The body demands an high caloric intake, Girls require an average of 2,200 calories per day. Nutritional requirements such as energy, protein, calcium, and Iron, and zinc are higher than any time of life. It’s critical to ensure adolescents are meeting the recommended nutritional daily intake. Nutritional deficiencies and poor eating habits can affect adolescents health as an adult.
Calcium: Daily intake should be at least 1300 mg/day
Iron: 8 mg/daily
Protein: 34 g/day
Energy: 2071 kcal/day
Zinc: 8 mg/day
Cultural Influences
According to the U.S. Census Bureau, in Cicero IL the highest percentage of population is made up by Hispanic or Latino origin at 89.2% (2019).
Traditional hispanic meals include rice, beans, tortillas, and a heavy use of cooking oil like lard (Mora & Golden, 2017).)
When compared to a typical United States diet, a hispanic diet is higher in fiber, vegetable, protein and saturated fats (Mora, 2017).
When this information is compared to the middle school menu from Cicero, the students should be getting adequate amounts of fiber and vegetable protein from their meals at home.
However, these students are receiving saturated fats from both home meals and meals at school.
Hispanic culture very much revolves around the idea of family first, and it is important to educate family members of the students in maintaining a healthy diet at home.
It is also noted that the acculturated Hispanic population consumes more processed foods, sweets, sweetened beverages, and higher fat intake (Mora, 2017).
Ellena slide
Mora, N., Golden, S.H. Understanding Cultural Influences on Dietary Habits in Asian, Middle Eastern, and Latino Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Current Literature and Future Directions. Curr Diab Rep 17, 126 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0952-6
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Cicero town, Illinois. (n.d.). Retrieved October 08, 2020, from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/cicerotownillinois
Sample Menu
Potential Health Concern
Obesity
Decreased energy level
Iron deficiency
Malnutrition
Body Image
Decreased bone mass
Poor eating habits
Lack of Vitamin D
Nutritional Components of New Food Menu
Increased calorie intake
More fiber-rich foods
More Vitamin D food items
More energy-rich foods
Food items high in vitamins and minerals
Fresh fruit and vegetables
A 13 year old female that is active should consume on average about 2,200 kcal per day (Ellis, E., 2019).
The old menu selection only provided the individual with 512 kcal while the new menu selection provided the individual with a higher calorie intake at 1378 kcal.
During the teenage years especially ages 13-14 in females, the development of bone mass is at its peak. So it is imperative that a well-balanced diet with adequate vitamin D is consumed (Moretto, M. et al.,2011).
Healthier Sample Menu
Gardein, Crispy Chick’n Patty on a 100% Whole grain Hamburger Bun
Fresh Mixed Vegetables
Fresh Mixed Fruit
Chicken Apple Walnut Salad
Cheese and Fruit Protein box
Spring Bottled Water
1% Lowfat Milk
Menu Comparison
Old Menu Food Items
Gardein, Crispy Chick’n Patty on a Whole wheat Hamburger Bun
Mixed Vegetables, broccoli, cauliflower, and carrots
Del Monte Mixed Fruit bowl, peaches, pears, and pineapples in water no sugar added
1% Lowfat Milk
New Menu Food Items
Gardein, Crispy Chick’n Patty on a 100% Whole Wheat Hamburger Bun
Fresh Mixed Vegetables
Fresh Mixed Fruit
Chicken Apple Walnut Salad
Cheese and Fruit Protein box
Spring Bottled Water and 1% Lowfat Milk
The new menu had an increase of Fat, to 93%, which is essential in supplying the body with energy.
The new menu offers food items that provide adolescents with adequate vitamins and minerals for optimal development
Moretto, M.R, Silva, C.C, Kurokawa, C.S, Fortes, C.M, Capela, R.C, Teixeira, A.S, Dalmas, J.C, Goldberg, T.B. (2011). Bone mineral density in healthy female adolescents according to age, bone age and pubertal breast stage. The Open Orthopaedics Journal. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178934/#_ffn_sectiltle
A 13 year old female’s fat intake should be anywhere between 25-35% of total calorie intake daily. Looking at the new menu the individual’s fat intake was 32%, 446.2 kcal/1378 kcal. The fat that is consumed supplies the body with energy and helps the body absorb those fat-soluble vitamin: A, D, E, and K (American Academy of Pediatrics, n.d).
American Academy of Pediatrics. (n.d.). A teenager’s nutritional needs. Retrieved from https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/nutrition/Pages/A-Teenagers-Nutritional-Needs.aspx
New Cronometer
New Cronometer
New Menu Chronometer Continued
Energy (99%)- Cheese & Fruit Protein box, 1% Lowfat Milk, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Fresh Fruit Mix, Mixed Vegetables, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad, 100% Whole grain Hamburger Bun
Water (69%)- Spring Water, 1% Lowfat Milk, Fresh Fruit Mix, Crispy Chick’n Patty
Carbs (104%)- Fresh Fruit Mix, Cheese & Fruit Protein box, Mixed Vegetables, 1% Lowfat Milk, 100% Whole grain Bun, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad
Fiber (89%)- Mixed Vegetables, Fresh Fruit Mix, 100% Whole grain Bun, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Cheese & Fruit Protein box, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad
Fat (93%)- Cheese & Fruit Protein box, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad, 1% Lowfat Milk, Mixed Vegetables, 100% Whole grain Bun, Fresh Fruit Mix
Omega-3 (82%), Omega-6 (19%)- Crispy Chick’n Patty, Fresh Fruit Mix, 1% Lowfat Milk
Protein (82%)- Cheese & Fruit Protein box, 1% Lowfat Milk, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Mixed Vegetables, 100% Whole grain Bun, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad, Fresh Fruit Mix
B1(Thiamine) (65%)- 100% Whole grain Bun, Fresh Fruit Mix, Crispy Chick’n Patty, 1% Lowfat Milk
B2(Riboflavin) (132%)- 1% Lowfat Milk, Fresh Fruit Mix, 100% Whole grain Bun, Crispy Chick’n Patty
B3(Niacin) (38%)- 100% Whole grain Bun, Fresh Fruit Mix, Crispy Chick’n Patty, 1% Lowfat Milk
New Menu Chronometer Continued
B5 (60%), B6 (45%)- 1% Lowfat Milk, Fresh Fruit Milk, Crispy Chick’n Patty
B12 (Cobalamin) (127%)- 1% Lowfat Milk
Vitamin A (253%)- Chicken Apple Walnut Salad, 1% Lowfat Milk, Fresh Fruit Mix
Vitamin C (386%)- Fresh Fruit Mix, Chicken Apple Salad
Vitamin D (42%)- 1% Lowfat Milk, Cheese & Fruit Protein box
Vitamin E (26%), Vitamin K (73%)- Fresh Fruit Mix, Crispy Chick’n Patty, 1% Lowfat Milk
Calcium (100%)- 1% Lowfat Milk, Cheese & Fruit Protein,, 100% Whole grain Bun, Fresh Fruit Mix, Chick’n Patty, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad, Spring Water
Iron (76%)- Crispy Chick’n Patty, 100% Whole grain Bun, Chicken Apple Walnut Salad, Fresh Fruit Mix, Cheese & Fruit Protein box, 1% Lowfat Milk
Magnesium (47%), Manganese (100%)- 1% Lowfat Milk, Fresh Fruit Mix, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Spring Water,
Sodium (139%)- Cheese & Fruit Protein box, Crispy Chick’n Patty, 1% Lowfat Milk, 100% Whole grain Bun, Mixed Vegetables, Spring Water, Fresh Fruit Mix
Zinc (37%)- 1% Lowfat Milk, Crispy Chick’n Patty, Fresh Fruit Mix
Menu Comparisons Continued
Old Cronometer
Excess Nutrients:
Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Vitamin K, and Sodium.
Deficit Nutrients:
Energy, Water, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, B Vitamins, Calcium, Copper, Magnesium, Manganese, Phosphorus, Potassium, Selenium, Zinc, Fats, Omega-3, Omega-6, Carbohydrates, Fiber, Iron, and Protein
New Cronometer
Excess Nutrients:
Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin), Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin), Vitamin A, Vitamin C, Calcium, Manganese, Sodium, and Carbohydrates
Deficit Nutrients:
Energy: Increased, Water: Increased, Vitamin D: Increased, B Vitamins: Increased, Calcium: Increased, Copper: Increased, Magnesium: Increased, Manganese: Increased, Phosphorus: Increased, Potassium: Increased, Selenium: Increased, Zinc: Increased, Fats: Increased, Omega-3: Increased, Omega-6: Increased, Carbohydrates: Increased, Fiber: Increased, Iron: Increased, Protein: Increased
Barrier: Knowledge
Knowledge deficit regarding healthy eating choices and habits
Lack of knowledge regarding MyPlate
31% of students have heard of MyPlate
11% of students understand its use
Westfall, M., Roth, S.E., Gill, M., Chan-Golston, A.M., Rice, L.N., Credpi, C.M., & Prelip, M.L. (2020). Exploring the relationship between MyPlate knowledge, perceived diet quality, and healthy eating behaviors among adolescents. American Journal of Health Promotion, 34(7), 713-721. doi: 10.1177/0890117120901430
(Westfall et al., 2020)
Barrier: Socioeconomic
The environment affects adolescent nutrition
A healthy environment enables healthy eating habits
Low-income neighborhoods have food deserts
Convenience stores
Fast food
Lack of supermarket access
Obesity
18.9% low-income families
19.9% for middle-income families
10.9% among high-income families
CDC. (2020). Childhood obesity facts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html
Westfall, M., Roth, S.E., Gill, M., Chan-Golston, A.M., Rice, L.N., Credpi, C.M., & Prelip, M.L. (2020). Exploring the relationship between MyPlate knowledge, perceived diet quality, and healthy eating behaviors among adolescents. American Journal of Health Promotion, 34(7), 713-721. doi: 10.1177/0890117120901430
Barrier: Health of the Population
Healthy eating is not a priority
School lunches
Poor eating habits
High risk of diseases such as obesity
70% consumed fast food in the past week
72% consume soda once per week
14% consume vegetables more than 3 times daily
15% consume fruits more than 3 times daily
Childhood obesity 18.5% affecting 13.7 million
Prevalent among Hispanic and African-American communities
CDC. (2020). Childhood obesity facts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html
Westfall, M., Roth, S.E., Gill, M., Chan-Golston, A.M., Rice, L.N., Credpi, C.M., & Prelip, M.L. (2020). Exploring the relationship between MyPlate knowledge, perceived diet quality, and healthy eating behaviors among adolescents. American Journal of Health Promotion, 34(7), 713-721. doi: 10.1177/0890117120901430
Summary
The current school menu does not include healthy items for children to be consuming daily
It would be improved if fresh fruits and vegetables were included, as well as plant-based proteins.
There are cultural influences that sway a decision when it comes to lunch options to choose from
There are many barriers to discuss when it comes to the lack of healthy food choices
Lack of knowledge of myPlate and how to balance a diet
Socioeconomic factors like obesity and a low-income neighborhood
Health is not a priority in this community, evidenced by the quality of school lunches and childhood obesity rates
Nutritional requirements for the target age are not being met
Ellena slide
References
American Academy of Pediatrics. (n.d.). A Teenager’s nutritional needs. https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/teen/nutrition/Pages/A-Teenagers-Nutritional-Needs.aspx
CDC. (2020). Childhood obesity facts. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/obesity/data/childhood.html
Ellis, E. (2019). How many calories does my teen need? Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics.
https://www.eatright.org/food/nutrition/dietary-guidelines-and-myplate/how-many-calories-does-my-teen-need
Mora, N., Golden, S.H. Understanding Cultural Influences on Dietary Habits in Asian, Middle Eastern, and Latino Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Review of Current Literature and Future Directions. Curr Diab Rep 17, 126 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11892-017-0952-6
Moretto, M.R, Silva, C.C, Kurokawa, C.S, Fortes, C.M, Capela, R.C, Teixeira, A.S, Dalmas, J.C, Goldberg, T.B. (2011). Bone mineral
density in healthy female adolescents according to age, bone age and pubertal breast stage. The Open Orthopaedics Journal. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3178934/#_ffn_sectiltle
U.S. Census Bureau QuickFacts: Cicero town, Illinois. (n.d.). Retrieved October 08, 2020, from https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/cicerotownillinois
Westfall, M., Roth, S.E., Gill, M., Chan-Golston, A.M., Rice, L.N., Credpi, C.M., & Prelip, M.L. (2020). Exploring the relationship between
MyPlate knowledge, perceived diet quality, and healthy eating behaviors among adolescents. American Journal of Health Promotion, 34(7), 713-721. doi: 10.1177/0890117120901430
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