Posted: May 1st, 2022

a. Case Study Ankylosing Spondylitis

  
Half I : 
a. Cleaning soap Observe Ankylosing Spondylitis
b. add questions out of your case examine 
Half II: Ankylosing Spondylitis
a. Pathophysiology
b. Medical Presentation
c. Bodily Examination
d. Diagnostic Testing 
e. Differential Prognosis
f. Administration
g. Schooling and Well being Promotion 
Energy level
< 20 % plagiarism
5 References
Pattern Common Cleaning soap Observe Template
PATIENT INFORMATION
Identify: Mr. W.S.
Age: 65-year-old
Intercourse: Male
Supply: Affected person
Allergy symptoms: None
Present Medicines: Atorvastatin tab 20 mg, 1-tab PO at bedtime
PMH: Hypercholesterolemia
Immunizations: Influenza final 2018-year, tetanus, and hepatitis A and B four years in the past.
Surgical Historical past: Appendectomy 47 years in the past.
Household Historical past: Father- died 81 doesn’t report data
Mom-alive, 88 years outdated, Diabetes Mellitus, HTN
Daughter-alive, 34 years outdated, wholesome
Social Hx:No smoking historical past or illicit drug use, occasional alcoholic beverage consumption on social celebrations. Retired, widow, he lives alone.
SUBJECTIVE:
Chief complain: “complications” that began two weeks in the past
Symptom Assessment/HPI:
The affected person is 65 years outdated male who complaining of episodes of complications and on three totally different events blood strain was measured, which was excessive (159/100, 158/98 and 160/100 respectively). Affected person observed the issue began two weeks in the past and generally it’s accompanied by dizziness.He states that he has been below stress in his office for the final month.
Affected person denies chest ache, palpitation, shortness of breath, nausea or vomiting.
ROS:
CONSTITUTIONAL: Denies fever or chills. Denies weak spot or weight reduction. NEUROLOGIC: Headache and dizzeness as describe above. Denies adjustments in LOC. Denies historical past of tremors or seizures. 
HEENT: HEAD: Denies any head damage, or change in LOC. Eyes: Denies any adjustments in imaginative and prescient, diplopia or blurred imaginative and prescient. Ear: Denies ache within the ears. Denies lack of listening to or drainage. Nostril: Denies nasal drainage, congestion. THROAT: Denies throat or neck ache, hoarseness, problem swallowing.
Respiratory: Affected person denies shortness of breath, cough or hemoptysis.
Cardiovascular: No chest ache, tachycardia. No orthopnea or paroxysmal nocturnal
dyspnea.
Gastrointestinal: Denies belly ache or discomfort. Denies flatulence, nausea, vomiting or
diarrhea.
Genitourinary: Denies hematuria, dysuria or change in urinary frequency. Denies problem beginning/stopping stream of urine or incontinence.
MUSCULOSKELETAL: Denies falls or ache. Denies listening to a clicking or snapping sound.
Pores and skin: No change of coloration similar to cyanosis or jaundice, no rashes or pruritus.
Goal Information
CONSTITUTIONAL: Important indicators: Temperature: 98.5 °F, Pulse: 87, BP: 159/92 mmhg, RR 20, PO2-98% on room air, Ht- 6’four”, Wt 200lb, BMI 25. Report ache Zero/10.
Common look: The affected person is alert and oriented x three. No acute misery famous.NEUROLOGIC: Alert, CNII-XII grossly intact, oriented to particular person, place, and time. Sensation intact to bilateral higher and decrease extremities. Bilateral UE/LE energy 5/5.
HEENT:Head: Normocephalic, atraumatic, symmetric, non-tender. Maxillary sinuses no tenderness. Eyes: No conjunctival injection, no icterus, visible acuity and extraocular eye actions intact. No nystagmus famous. Ears: Bilateral canals patent with out erythema, edema, or exudate. Bilateral tympanic membranes intact, pearly grey with sharp cone of sunshine. Maxillary sinuses no tenderness. Nasal mucosa moist with out bleeding.Oral mucosa moist with out lesions,.Lids non-remarkable and applicable for race.
Neck: supple with out cervical lymphadenopathy, no jugular vein distention, no thyroid swelling or plenty.
Cardiovascular: S1S2, common price and rhythm, no murmur or gallop famous. Capillary refill < 2 sec.
Respiratory: No dyspnea or use of accent muscle mass noticed. No egophony, whispered pectoriloquy or tactile fremitus on palpation. Breath sounds presents and clear bilaterally on auscultation.
Gastrointestinal:No mass or hernia noticed. Upon auscultation, bowel sounds current in all 4 quadrants, no bruits over renal and aorta arteries. Stomach smooth non-tender, no guarding, no rebound no distention or organomegaly famous on palpation
Musculoskeletal: No ache to palpation. Lively and passive ROM inside regular limits, no stiffness.
Integumentary: intact, no lesions or rashes, no cyanosis or jaundice.
Assessment
Important (Main) Hypertension (ICD10 I10): Given the signs and hypertension (156/92 mmhg), labeled as stage 2. As soon as the natural explanation for hypertension has been dominated out, similar to renal, adrenal or thyroid, this analysis is confirmed.
Differential analysis:
Ø Renal artery stenosis (ICD10 I70.1)
Ø Continual kidney illness (ICD10 I12.9)
Ø Hyperthyroidism(ICD10E05.90)
Plan
Prognosis relies on the medical analysis by means of historical past, bodily examination, and routine laboratory assessments to evaluate threat elements, reveal identifiable causes and detect target-organ injury, together with proof of heart problems.
These fundamental laboratory assessments are:
· CMP
· Full blood rely
· Lipid profile
· Thyroid-stimulating hormone
· Urinalysis
· Electrocardiogram
Ø Pharmacological remedy: 
The remedy of selection on this case can be:
Thiazide-like diuretic and/or a CCB
· Hydrochlorothiazide tab 25 mg, Preliminary dose: 25 mg orally as soon as every day. 
Ø Non-Pharmacologic remedy: 
· Weight reduction
· Nutritious diet(DASH dietary sample): Eating regimen wealthy in fruits, greens, entire grains, and low-fat dairy merchandise with lowered content material of saturated and trans l fats
· Diminished consumption of dietary sodium: <1,500 mg/d is perfect aim however no less than 1,000 mg/d discount in most adults
· Enhanced consumption of dietary potassium
· Common bodily exercise (Cardio): 90–150 min/wk
· Tobacco cessation
· Measures to launch stress and efficient coping mechanisms.
Schooling
· Present with vitamin/dietary data.
· Day by day blood strain monitoringat dwelling twice a day for 7 days, hold a document, carry the document on the subsequent go to along with her PCP
· Instruction about medicine consumption compliance. 
· Schooling of potential issues similar to stroke, coronary heart assault, and different issues.
· Affected person was educated on track of hypertension, in addition to warning indicators and signs, which may point out the necessity to attend the E.R/U.C. Answered all pt. questions/issues. Pt verbalizes understanding to all
Observe-ups/Referrals
· Analysis with PCP in 1 weeks for managing blood strain and to guage present hypotensive remedy. Pressing Care go to prn.
· No referrals wanted at the moment.
References
Domino, F., Baldor, R., Golding, J., Stephens, M. (2017). The 5-Minute Medical Seek the advice of 2017 (25th ed.). Print (The 5-Minute Seek the advice of Sequence).
CodinaLeik, M. T. (2014). Household Nurse Practitioner Certification Intensive Overview (2nd ed.). ISBN 978-Zero-8261-3424-Zero
 

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