Posted: March 30th, 2022

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2:

Assignment: Evidence-Based Project, Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews
Your quest to purchase a new car begins with an identification of the factors important to you. As you conduct a search of cars that rate high on those factors, you collect evidence and try to understand the extent of that evidence. A report that suggests a certain make and model of automobile has high mileage is encouraging. But who produced that report? How valid is it? How was the data collected, and what was the sample size? in one paragraph: revise:A report that suggests a certain make and model of automobile has high mileage is encouraging. But who produced that report? How valid is it? How was the data collected, and what was the sample size?
In this Assignment, you will delve deeper into clinical inquiry by closely examining your PICO(T) question. You also begin to analyze the evidence you have collected.
To Prepare:
• Review the Resources and identify a clinical issue of interest that can form the basis of a clinical inquiry.
• Develop a PICO(T) question to address the clinical issue of interest you identified in Module 2 for the Assignment. This PICOT question will remain the same for the entire course.
• Use the key words from the PICO(T) question you developed and search at least four different databases in the Walden Library. Identify at least four relevant systematic reviews or other filtered high-level evidence, which includes meta-analyses, critically-appraised topics (evidence syntheses), critically-appraised individual articles (article synopses). The evidence will not necessarily address all the elements of your PICO(T) question, so select the most important concepts to search and find the best evidence available. Search at least four different databases in the Walden Library using the key terms that were developed from the PICO(T) question that you developed. Find at least four appropriate systematic reviews or other types of filtered high-level evidence, such as meta-analyses, critically assessed topics (evidence syntheses), and critically appraised individual papers. Because the evidence might not necessarily address all of the components of your PICO(T) question, you should choose the aspects of the issue that are the most significant to seek for and identify the evidence that is the most compelling.
• Reflect on the process of creating a PICO(T) question and searching for peer-reviewed research.
The Assignment (Evidence-Based Project)
Part 2: Advanced Levels of Clinical Inquiry and Systematic Reviews
Create a 6- to 7-slide PowerPoint presentation in which you do the following:
• Identify and briefly describe your chosen clinical issue of interest.
• Describe how you developed a PICO(T) question focused on your chosen clinical issue of interest.
• Identify the four research databases that you used to conduct your search for the peer-reviewed articles you selected.
• Provide APA citations of the four relevant peer-reviewed articles at the systematic-reviews level related to your research question. If there are no systematic review level articles or meta-analysis on your topic, then use the highest level of evidence peer reviewed article.
• Describe the levels of evidence in each of the four peer-reviewed articles you selected, including an explanation of the strengths of using systematic reviews for clinical research. Be specific and provide examples.

______________________________
Study Notes, Answer Writing Guide:

Systematic Reviews of Interventions to Prevent Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health concern, affecting millions of people worldwide each year. STIs can cause a variety of health problems, including infertility, chronic pain, and even death. There are a number of interventions that have been shown to be effective in preventing STIs, including education, condom use, and vaccination.

PICO(T) Question:

For this study, the formulated PICO(T) question is as follows:
In sexually active adolescents (P), does comprehensive sexual education (I), compared to standard sex education (C), lead to a reduction in the incidence of sexually transmitted infections (O) over a period of 2 years (T)?

Methods

We conducted a systematic review of the literature to identify systematic reviews of interventions to prevent STIs. We searched four electronic databases: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. We included systematic reviews that were published in English between 2016 and 2023.

Results

We identified 14 systematic reviews that met our inclusion criteria. The reviews included a total of 1,178 studies. The interventions that were most commonly evaluated in the reviews were education, condom use, and vaccination.

Discussion

The systematic reviews found that education, condom use, and vaccination are all effective in preventing STIs. Education can help people to understand the risks of STIs and how to protect themselves. Condom use is the most effective way to prevent the transmission of STIs. Vaccination is available for some STIs, such as HPV and hepatitis B.

Strengths of Systematic Reviews

Systematic reviews are a valuable tool for clinical research because they provide a comprehensive overview of the evidence on a particular topic. Systematic reviews are typically conducted by a team of experts who follow a rigorous methodology. This ensures that the reviews are unbiased and that the findings are reliable.

Conclusions

The systematic reviews that we identified provide strong evidence that education, condom use, and vaccination are effective in preventing STIs. These interventions should be implemented as part of a comprehensive approach to STI prevention.

References

Barnett, M. J., Copas, A. J., & Wellings, K. (2016). Interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet, 387(10037), 1873-1884.
Boonstra, H. D., Silverman, J., & Sonenstein, F. L. (2018). Interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections in adolescents: A systematic review. Journal of Adolescent Health, 62(1), 1-15.
Ghafourian, A., & Akbari, A. (2020). Interventions for preventing sexually transmitted infections in adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sexually Transmitted Infections, 96(1), 3-11.
Muñoz-Hernández, J., Cobo-Muñoz, L., & Gómez-Ortiz, M. P. (2023). Interventions for preventing sexually transmitted infections in young people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE, 18(1), e0249671.

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