Posted: March 24th, 2022

Critical Theory Cheat Sheet

Critical Theory Cheat Sheet

Donald E. Corridor. Literary and Cultural Theory: From Primary Ideas to Superior Purposes. Houghton Mifflin, 2001.

Theory

Key Concepts

Theorists

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Formalism /New Criticism

1920’s ahead

-analysis of literary buildings (style; character, plot, setting, and many others.)

-rejected literature’s historic and biographical contexts

-intrinsic that means of texts; literature expresses “common truths”

-critic’s activity to discover exactly by way of language and kind how that reality is expressed

-“Shut studying”; the TEXT holds THE that means

-Aristotle (The Poetics)

-Plato (The Republic)

-John Crowe Ransom

-Cleanth Brooks

-T.S. Eliot

Reader Response

-emphasis on reader’s position in creating meanings

-meanings generated by a transaction between reader and a textual content; that means will not be wholly intrinsic to the textual content

-Louise Rosenblatt (The Reader, The Textual content, and The Poem)

-Robert Probst (Response and Assessment)

-Wolfgang Iser

-Stanley Fish

-Norman Holland

Rhetorical Assessment

-“an authorial presence [in a text] that leads the textual content’s rhetorically attuned reader towards an authorially desired interpretation or response” (44)

-Wayne Sales space

Marxist/Materialist Assessment

-based on Marx’s theories of sophistication and cultural manufacturing

-importance of sophistication and financial situations; energy relationships and sophistication ideologies offered inside a textual content

-Terry Eagleton

-Karl Marx

-Frederich Engles

Psychoanalytic Assessment

-concept of the unconscious, acutely aware, ego and id

-human exercise not at all times acutely aware

-nature/ nurture

-developmental phases; childhood trauma and its impact on growth

-Sigmund Freud

-Jacques Lacan

-Northrup Frye

Structuralism and Semiotic Assessment

-principles of scientific linguistic research utilized to literature

-signified (the idea), signifier (the phrase), signal (mixture of idea and phrase)

-making that means by way of binaries (oppositions)

-no signal is ever absolutely comprehensible

-language buildings our notion of actuality

-language isn’t impartial

-Ferdinand de Saussure (linguistics)

-Claude Levi-Strauss (anthropology)

-Romon Jakobsen (linguistics)

-Jonathan Culler

-Roland Barthes

-Umberto Eco (The Title of the Rose)

-Robert Scholes

Deconstruction/ Put up-structuralism

-calls into Question Assignment all assumptions of comprehension and comprehensiveness; that means by no means sure, at all times “deferred.”

-the energy deployed and social relationships organized by way of discourse

-“distinction”: that means made by way of variations amongst indicators, however by no means made sure

-texts betray traces of their very own instability

-there is nothing outdoors the textual content

-“blindness and perception”

-the world is a textual content

-Jacques Derrida

-Michael Foucault

-Jonathan Culler

Feminist Assessment

-focuses on gender (the social roles carried out by the sexes)

-draws upon and influences each different vital principle

-recognition of various levels of social energy granted to and exercised by ladies and men

-explores advanced methods girls have been denied social energy and the fitting to free expression

-like Marxist and materialist Assessment, feminist criticism sees texts as completely social-language, establishments, and social energy mirror patriarchal pursuits

-women resist and are subversive to patriarchal energy

-Julia Kristeva

-Hekene Cixous

-Luce Irigaray

-bell hooks (race and gender)

Toril Moi

Elaine Showalter

Homosexual/Lesbian/Queer Assessment

-encompasses many alternative methodologies (post-structuralism, gender, race, class, psychology)

-focus on sexuality as a very necessary element of human identification, social group, and textual illustration

-influence of unfavorable attitudes towards same-sex need

-social attitudes about sexuality have modified dramatically; differ considerably for women and men

-issues of “normality” are acceptable topics for critique and investigation

-Henry Abelove

-Margaret Cruikshank

-Michael Foucault

-Eve Sedgwick

Race, Ethnicity, and Put up-Colonial Assessment

-explores relationships between a textual content and its social context

-examines how the assumption programs of a time and place are mirrored in, and probably altered by literary illustration

-racism and ethnocentrism are completely entrenched in language, literature, artwork, and social establishments

-“race” = bodily distinctions mixed with distinct social historical past

-“ethnicity” = nonphysical elements of cultural identification (faith, social customs, language)

-“post-colonialism” focuses on nationwide and regional legacies of nationwide and regional imperialism and colonialism

-commitment to difficult oppression based mostly on cultural identification

-understanding that race and ethnicity have been utilized in ways in which empowered and oppressed

-Gloria Anzaldua

-Henry Louis Gates

-bell hooks

-Elaine H. Kim

-Edward W. Stated

New Historicism and cultural research

-New Historicism makes use of many different types of Assessment however at all times rooted in historic analysis on previous eras and pre-20th century texts

-cultural Assessment additionally makes use of many different types of Assessment. Focuses on 20th century or present-day works; typically emphasizes non-literary genres

-history will not be linearly progressive and isn’t reducible to the actions of outstanding people

-daily life reveals a lot about perception programs of a time interval

-Wayne C. Sales space

-John Brannigan

-Michael Foucault

-Stephen Greenblatt

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