Posted: February 5th, 2022

Role of Victims in the Criminal Process

Role of Victims in the Criminal Process
This a 2 half Question Assignment. Please separate the sources underneath every half.

-550 phrases (2 pages) every and three sources every.

-Scholarly sources should be revealed inside the previous 5-10 years of the present date.

Half 1

Clarify the varied roles that crime victims serve in aiding felony analysts with the apprehension of criminals.

Half 2

Clarify how the differing kinds of “crime mapping” methods can be utilized to determine susceptible neighborhoods liable to crime in order to develop and implement crime prevention methods.

Role of Victims in the Criminal Process
A sufferer is the recipient of crime throughout a felony exercise and in most instances, she or he is left harmed, duped or tricked or has come to really feel helpless and passive in case of a misfortune or an act of ill-treatment. Some of the crimes that result in victimization embrace rape, baby abuse, deadly crimes, arson, and drunk driving. Most often, the sufferer is utilized by police companies to play a sure position throughout the course of of investigations and felony trials in a court docket of legislation. These victims are put underneath totally different classes throughout the course of similar to witness safety, taking part and prosecuting the witness.
The present position of a sufferer is being a witness for the state. These victims are awarded varied protecting measures throughout the felony trial course of (Victorian Regulation Reform Fee, 2016). The protecting measures are awarded to the victims to keep away from secondary victimization and prohibit counting on the gender stereotypes which might be wrongful in instances of sexual offenses. Victims additionally play a job in the prosecution. The victims resolve whether or not to proceed or discontinue a prosecution or whether or not to conform to a negotiable plea settlement with the accused reasonably than go on with the trial in a court docket of legislation.
The legislation permits prosecutors to make prosecutorial selections with out interference from the judiciary. There’s a vary of components that prosecutors think about that embrace the seriousness of the crime, the power of proof, the results of crimes on victims, the legislation enforcement assets and agendas (Kirchengast, 2016). If there are eyewitnesses in the crime scene, the higher it’s for the prosecutors. Against the law that draws public outrage might end result in having an elevated availability of prosecutorial assets. Prosecutors depend on victims for data inside the train of discretion.
Most often, the sufferer is chargeable for the prices incurred throughout an investigation course of. The victims of the white-collar crimes have assets and diligence to current a compiled and well-completed investigation case to the prosecutor. There is not a constitutional implication of whether or not these assets are utilized earlier than or after the prosecutor is concerned. Limiting or precluding the Help of a sufferer is just not a requirement from the structure. When the police seize a case of shoplifting via the safety cameras, the value of the conviction course of is incurred by the sufferer.
A wall of separation between the sufferer and prosecutor is just not allowed for any constitutional purpose. Prosecutors are anticipated to contemplate the sufferer’s pursuits. Throughout instances of assault, the sufferer must seek the advice of the police first and report the case, state the particulars of the incident, Help in figuring out the perpetrator, testify at the trial in a court docket of legislation and make a sufferer affect assertion in case the perpetrator is convicted. The participation of the sufferer is accrued to profit the state and in this case, the sufferer incurs the value of the complete course of.
These days, getting concerned in the felony course of as a sufferer imposes so many burdens similar to victimization by the crime and the complete felony course of (Cole, Smith & DeJong, 2018). This makes participation in aiding legislation enforcement companies troublesome. Victims have regularly proven dissatisfaction with the felony processes, prosecutors and establishments or companies that make up the felony justice system. The reforms made have typically targeted on kids and victims with impairments, susceptible victims and people of sexual offenses and severe crimes.
Crime mapping
In crime Assessment, clarifying the place crimes and different harmful incidences happen is one of the vital capabilities. Crime mapping is a sub-discipline of crime Assessment though its position may be very important in serving to monitor down places the place felony actions happen (Santos, 2016). There are three fundamental capabilities of crime mapping which embrace, facilitating statistical and visible analyses of the spatial crime nature, offering a map that helps in speaking Assessment outcomes and permitting to attach sources of knowledge primarily based on widespread geographic variables, similar to census data or knowledge from a standard space.
Crime mapping is utilized in crime Assessment in tactical crime Assessment, strategic crime Assessment, and administrative crime Assessment. They’re used in figuring out susceptible neighborhoods liable to crimes and offering options (Weisburd & McEwen, 2015). In tactical crime Assessment, crime mapping is used to determine fast crime patterns similar to auto theft, industrial and residential housebreaking. Intimately, revealing a cluster of actions at a selected space that signifies a sample of crime is completed by spatial Assessment of auto theft incidents. Crime mapping in strategic crime Assessment is used in long-term purposes the place relationships between felony exercise and indicators of the dysfunction are analyzed.
Examples of the indicators of the dysfunction embrace a excessive quantity of vacant homes or dysfunction calls from service. Additionally it is used to allocate assets in a geographic and temporal method, to find out crime patterns in particular areas similar to colleges and hospitals, to amass details about the crime charges similar to the quantity of residential burglaries per family and to include the knowledge of crime with a qualitative geographic data similar to medicine in circulation, joints the place there’s prostitution, traces of college students’ routes to highschool and the hangout joints of youngsters.
Crime mapping in administrative crime Assessment helps the police, researchers and the media to convey the data of felony actions to the public. The police division and the information organizations use web sites to routinely publish maps that depict areas liable to crime together with corresponding tables and definitions. For instance, to cut back the citizen request for his or her neighborhood crime data, the police company releases a month-to-month or weekly crime maps on their web sites which might be simply accessible by the residents at the comfort of their properties or the native library.
The purpose options are depicted on a GIS-generated map utilizing an emblem or label (Shafique, Zahra, Farid & Sharif, 2017). The road options are represented on a map utilizing a single line or a set of traces. There are differing kinds of crime mapping that embrace single-symbol mapping which represents options similar to the places of shops, states, and roads. The buffers are specified areas round the options on a map. They could be a set of small distances similar to 50-500 miles relying on the objective of the scale on the map. Graduated mapping is commonly utilized by crime analysts. Totally different sizes and colours on this map signify specific variables.
Usually, the present position of a sufferer is being a witness for the state. These victims are put underneath totally different classes throughout the course of similar to witness safety, taking part and prosecuting the witness. They’re awarded varied protecting measures throughout the felony trial course of in response to their classes. In crime Assessment, clarifying the place crimes and different harmful incidences happen is one of the vital capabilities. Crime mapping is utilized in crime Assessment in tactical crime Assessment, strategic crime Assessment, and administrative crime Assessment. They’re used in figuring out susceptible neighborhoods liable to crimes and offering options.

References
Victorian Regulation Reform Fee. (2016). The position of victims of crime in the felony trial course of. Victorian Regulation Reform Fee.
Kirchengast, T. (2016). Victims and the Criminal Trial Process. In Victims and the Criminal Trial (pp. 1-46). Palgrave Macmillan, London.
Cole, G. F., Smith, C. E., & DeJong, C. (2018). The American system of felony justice. Cengage Studying.
Santos, R. B. (2016). Crime Assessment with crime mapping. Sage publications.
Weisburd, D. L., & McEwen, T. (2015). Introduction: Crime mapping and crime prevention. Accessible at SSRN 2629850.
Shafique, I., Zahra, S. A., Farid, T., & Sharif, M. (2017). Role of GIS in Crime Mapping & Assessment. Sukkur IBA Journal of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, 1(2), 39-47.

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